我是一个初学者,所以我没有Python的丰富经验。我创建了一个超声波传感器系统,该系统使用树莓派记录水位。我的程序在控制台中运行良好,但是我想为其创建一个GUI,以使其在使用Tkinter时更具吸引力。我以前从未使用过Tkinter,所以不确定自己做错了什么。我做了一个应该开始读取实际读数的按钮,但是,每次运行时,我都会收到一条错误消息,告诉我我无权访问GPIO,我应该尝试以root用户身份运行-尽管当我执行此错误时出现。
有人知道我哪里出错了,或者是否有通过GUI运行它的其他方式?非常感谢您的帮助,因为我已经在这个问题上停留了两个多月,非常感谢!
我收到的错误消息是这样;
"Exception in Tkinter callback
Traceback (most recent call last):
File 'user/lib/python3.2/tkinter/__init__.py', line 1426, in __call__
return self.func(*args)
File 'home.pi.tkinterproject.py', line 40 in run_code
GPIO.setup(GPIO.OUT)
RuntimeErorr: No access to /dev/mem. Try running as root!"
这是代码:
from tkinter import *
import time
import datetime
import RPi.GPIO as GPIO
GPIO.setwarnings(False)
class Window(Frame):
def __init__(self, master = None):
Frame.__init__(self, master)
self.master = master
self.init_window()
def init_window(self):
self.master.title("GUI")
self.pack(fill=BOTH, expand=1)
quitButton = Button(self, text = "Quit", command = self.exit_window)
quitButton.place(x = 330,y = 260)
runButton = Button(self, text = "Run", command = self.run_code)
runButton.place(x = 0, y = 0)
def exit_window(self):
exit()
def run_code(self):
#set pins according to BCM GPIO references
GPIO.setmode(GPIO.BCM)
#set GPIO pins
TRIG = 23
ECHO = 24
#sets trigger to send signal, echo to recieve the signal back
GPIO.setup(TRIG,GPIO.OUT)
GPIO.setup(ECHO,GPIO.IN)
#sets output to low
GPIO.output(TRIG,False)
myLabell = Label(text = 'Initiating measurement').pack()
print ("Initiating measurement..\n")
#gives sensor time to settle for one second
time.sleep(1)
distance = averageReading()
round(distance, 2)
print ("Distance:", distance, "cm\n")
print ("Saving your measurement to file..")
ts = time.time()
timestamp = datetime.datetime.fromtimestamp(ts).strftime(' %H: %M: %S %d-%m-%Y')
textFile = open("sensorReadings" , "a")
textFile.write(str(distance)+ "cm recorded at: ")
textFile.write(str(timestamp)+ "\n")
textFile.close()
#resets pins for next time
GPIO.cleanup()
global averageReading
def averageReading():
readingOne = measure()
time.sleep(0.1)
readingTwo = measure()
time.sleep(0.1)
readingThree = measure()
reading = readingOne + readingTwo + readingThree
reading = reading / 3
return reading
global measure
def measure():
global measure
#sends out the pulse to the trigger
GPIO.output(TRIG, True)
#short as possible
time.sleep(0.00001)
GPIO.output(TRIG,False)
while GPIO.input(ECHO) == 0:
pulse_start = time.time()
while GPIO.input(ECHO) == 1:
pulse_end = time.time()
pulse_duration = pulse_end - pulse_start
#half the speed of sound in cm/s
distance = pulse_duration * 34300
distance = distance / 2
#python function that rounds measurement to two digits
round(distance, 2)
return distance
myGUI = Tk()
myGUI.geometry("400x300")
app = Window(myGUI)
myGUI.mainloop()
最佳答案
第一个错误:
RuntimeErorr: No access to /dev/mem. Try running as root!"
确切地说,它是什么意思:您需要以
root
身份运行代码,才能正确访问GPIO子系统。当以root
身份运行时,会收到另一个错误:NameError: global name 'averageReading' is not defined
这是由于您的代码中的错误而发生的。首先,您似乎同时拥有一个全局变量和一个具有相同名称的函数。删除此行:
global averageReading
并且:
global measure
global
语句用于创建全局变量,并且仅在功能块内使用时才有意义。您发布的代码中存在许多格式问题(在几行上缺少缩进),很难分辨这仅仅是复制/粘贴问题还是代码不正确。
请尝试解决问题中的所有格式问题,使其与您的实际代码匹配。
另外,在
ECHO
函数中使用了TRIG
和measure
,但是从那里看不到它们,因此您需要对其进行修复。