我的应用程序有一个QMdiArea,在其中显示了子窗口,这些子窗口包含QGraphicsView派生的 View (GfxInteractiveView)的实例,这些 View 又使包含自定义QGraphicsItem派生的项的场景可视化。
/// An image item which is displayed as the background of a scene.
class GfxImageItem : public QObject, public QGraphicsPixmapItem
{
Q_OBJECT
protected:
GfxInteractiveImgView *view_;
QPixmap pixmap_;
QList<GfxPointItem *> pointItems_;
public:
GfxImageItem(GfxInteractiveImgView *view);
// set the pixmap to the image loaded from this path
bool load(const QString &path);
// normally not overriden, here just for tracing
virtual void paint(QPainter *painter, const QStyleOptionGraphicsItem *option, QWidget *widget)
{
QLOG("Painting image"); // homebrew macro for tracing
QGraphicsPixmapItem::paint(painter, option, widget);
}
};
/// A generated image drawn at the foreground of a scene.
class GfxMapItem : public QGraphicsPixmapItem
{
public:
GfxMapItem(QGraphicsItem *item);
void regenerateMap();
// same as GfxMapItem, here just for tracing
virtual void paint(QPainter *painter, const QStyleOptionGraphicsItem *option, QWidget *widget);
};
到目前为止,还不错,但是我还有另一个项目GfxPointItem,它是使用paint()完全自定义的,实际上可以执行某些操作,并且当我将其添加到场景中时,CPU使用率在所有项目中都达到了一个核心在层次结构中,输入一个重绘循环,该循环会持续到窗口可见或场景中存在自定义项为止。瞥见发生这种情况时的堆栈表明我的函数都不负责调用paint(),该事件在事件循环中生成。这是GfxPointItem的代码:
/// A draggable item representing an analysis point on the map, drawn on top of the map.
class GfxPointItem : public QGraphicsObject
{
Q_OBJECT
protected:
GfxImageItem *imgParent_;
GfxInteractiveImgView *view_;
int size_, fontSize_;
QColor color_, oldColor_;
qreal paintScale_;
QRectF boundingRect_;
bool active_, static_;
QStaticText pointText_, valueText_;
public:
GfxPointItem(GfxImageItem *parent, GfxInteractiveImgView *view, const QPointF &pos);
void setActive(bool arg);
void setStatic(bool arg);
void setColor(const QColor &color) { color_ = color; update(); }
virtual QRectF boundingRect() const { return boundingRect_; }
virtual void paint(QPainter *painter, const QStyleOptionGraphicsItem *option, QWidget *widget);
signals:
void changedPos(int index, QPointF newpos);
public slots:
void setPaintScale(qreal value);
void setPointText(const QString &text);
void setValueText(const QString &text);
protected:
void updateBoundRect();
void updatePointText();
QPoint valueTextPos() const;
QPoint pointTextPos() const;
};
GfxPointItem::GfxPointItem(GfxImageItem *parent, GfxInteractiveImgView *view, const QPointF &pos, int index) : QGraphicsObject(parent),
imgParent_(parent),
view_(view),
index_(index), size_(8), fontSize_(8),
color_(Qt::black),
paintScale_(view->invscale()),
drawLabel_(true), active_(false), static_(false), floatPrec_(false)
{
QLOGX("Creating new at " << pos.x() << "," << pos.y() << ", index: " << index);
setPos(pos);
updatePointText();
connect(view, SIGNAL(scaleChanged(qreal)), this, SLOT(setPaintScale(qreal)));
}
/// An inactive point wil not respond to hover events and will not be movable.
void GfxPointItem::setActive(bool arg)
{
QLOGX("Setting active state: " << arg);
active_ = arg;
setAcceptHoverEvents(arg);
setFlag(QGraphicsItem::ItemIsMovable, arg);
}
/// Set or disable static mode on point. In static mode, the point text is not updated when changing position, so it can retain a constant label.
void GfxPointItem::setStatic(bool arg)
{
QLOGX("Setting static mode: " << arg);
static_ = arg;
}
void GfxPointItem::paint(QPainter *painter, const QStyleOptionGraphicsItem *option, QWidget *widget)
{
QLOGX("Painting point");
static const int margin = 2;
setScale(paintScale_);
QPen pen;
pen.setWidth(1);
pen.setColor(color_);
painter->setPen(pen);
// paint the centerpoint marker (two crossed lines)
painter->drawLine(QPointF(-size_, 0), QPointF( size_, 0));
painter->drawLine(QPointF(0, -size_), QPointF(0, size_));
// the label box and the two static text lines inside
pen.setWidth(0);
painter->setPen(pen);
QFont font;
font.setPointSize(fontSize_);
painter->setFont(font);
QBrush brush(Qt::SolidPattern);
brush.setColor(QColor(255, 255, 127)); // sand yellow
painter->setBrush(brush);
// point text size, value text size
QSizeF pts = pointText_.size(),
vts = valueText_.size();
// point text position, value text position
QPoint vtp = valueTextPos(),
ptp = pointTextPos();
// point id and position label and value indicator label in a rectangular box
int shift = (valueText_.text().isEmpty()) ? 0 : vts.height();
QRectF rect(ptp.x()-margin, ptp.y(), std::max(pts.width(), vts.width())+margin, pts.height() + shift);
painter->drawRect(rect);
painter->drawStaticText(ptp, pointText_);
painter->drawStaticText(vtp, valueText_);
}
void GfxPointItem::setPaintScale(qreal value)
{
QLOGX("Updating scale: " << value);
paintScale_ = value;
update();
}
void GfxPointItem::setPointText(const QString &text)
{
QLOGX("Setting text: " << text);
pointText_.setText(text);
updateBoundRect();
update();
}
void GfxPointItem::setValueText(const QString &text)
{
QLOGX("Setting value text: " << text);
valueText_.setText(text);
updateBoundRect();
update();
}
void GfxPointItem::updateBoundRect()
{
QLOGX("Updating bounding rect");
boundingRect_.setRect(- size_, pointTextPos().y(),
(2 * size_) + std::max(pointText_.size().width(), valueText_.size().width()),
(2 * size_) + pointText_.size().height() + valueText_.size().height());
}
void GfxPointItem::updatePointText()
{
QLOGX("Updating point text");
pointText_.setText("P" + QString::number(index_ + 1) + " ("
+ (floatPrec_ ? QString::number(pos().x()) : QString::number(std::floor(pos().x()))) + ","
+ (floatPrec_ ? QString::number(pos().y()) : QString::number(std::floor(pos().y()))) + ")");
updateBoundRect();
update();
}
void GfxPointItem::mouseMoveEvent(QGraphicsSceneMouseEvent *event)
{
QLOGX("Mouse move");
QPointF p = pos();
QPointF ep = event->pos();
QGraphicsItem::mouseMoveEvent(event);
if (!static_) updatePointText();
emit changedPos(index_, pos());
}
我不知道为什么事件循环不断重新绘制项目。我什至没有注意到这一点,但是我遇到了一个问题,那就是显示一个标准的QFileDialog::getExistingDirectory(),即使在看到带有图形项的窗口时,它甚至都无法进行绘制,因为重新绘制偷了所有的执行时间。主线程远离它,导致冻结。之后,我在绘画函数中添加了跟踪语句,并在几秒钟后应用程序似乎什么也不做的情况下在日志文件中提出了成千上万个条目。在任务管理器中,当窗口可见(在4核处理器上)时,CPU使用率约为25%,当我关闭窗口时,CPU使用率降至0。
我的代码都没有强制这些重绘,那是什么?如何调试事件循环以查找此行为的来源,从而减慢我的应用程序并导致冻结?
谢谢!
Qt版本是最新的5.0.2二进制 bundle 包,并且该应用程序是使用Visual C++ 2012 x64编译的。
最佳答案
在我看来,当在setScale
中调用paint
时,它会连接到setPaintScale
,然后再调用QWidget的update
函数,该函数将使该区域无效,并在返回主事件循环时导致repaint。
因此,每次调用paint方法时,您最终都会收到1个需要油漆的事件。
关于c++ - 为什么我的自定义图形项在基于Qt的C++ GUI应用程序中不断重绘?,我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题:https://stackoverflow.com/questions/17324152/