我试图在C语言中实现一个正、反离散余弦变换(DCT)。代码是通过DCT()函数将单个像素输入块转换为变换矩阵,然后通过IDCT()函数返回原始像素值。请参阅所附代码。我从idct输出的是244161244116等的连续值。从idct值来看,我的程序似乎不工作。有人能帮我一下,让我知道在每一个功能之后我应该期待什么样的结果吗?显然,在idct之后,我应该更接近原始的输入矩阵。
谢谢
# include <stdio.h>
# define PI 3.14
void dct(float [][]); // Function prototypes
void idct(float [][]); // Function prototypes
void dct(float inMatrix[8][8]){
double dct,
Cu,
sum,
Cv;
int i,
j,
u,
h = 0,
v;
FILE * fp = fopen("mydata.csv", "w");
float dctMatrix[8][8],
greyLevel;
for (u = 0; u < 8; ++u) {
for (v = 0; v < 8; ++v) {
if (u == 0) {
Cu = 1.0 / sqrt(2.0);
} else {
Cu = 1.0;
}
if (v == 0) {
Cv = 1.0 / sqrt(2.0);
} else {
Cu = (1.0);
}
sum = 0.0;
for (i = 0; i < 8; i++) {
for (j = 0; j < 8; j++) {
// Level around 0
greyLevel = inMatrix[i][j];
dct = greyLevel * cos((2 * i + 1) * u * PI / 16.0) *
cos((2 * j + 1) * v * PI / 16.0);
sum += dct;
}
}
dctMatrix[u][v] = 0.25 * Cu * Cv * sum;
fprintf(fp, "\n %f", dctMatrix[u][v]);
}
fprintf(fp, "\n");
}
idct(dctMatrix);
}
void idct(float dctMatrix[8][8]){
double idct,
Cu,
sum,
Cv;
int i,
j,
u,
v;
float idctMatrix[8][8],
greyLevel;
FILE * fp = fopen("mydata.csv", "a");
fprintf(fp, "\n Inverse DCT");
for (i = 0; i < 8; ++i) {
for (j = 0; j < 8; ++j) {
sum = 0.0;
for (u = 0; u < 8; u++) {
for (v = 0; v < 8; v++) {
if (u == 0) {
Cu = 1.0 / sqrt(2.0);
} else {
Cu = 1.0;
}
if (v == 0) {
Cv = 1.0 / sqrt(2.0);
} else {
Cu = (1.0);
}
// Level around 0
greyLevel = dctMatrix[u][v];
idct = (greyLevel * cos((2 * i + 1) * u * PI / 16.0) *
cos((2 * j + 1) * v * PI / 16.0));
sum += idct;
}
}
idctMatrix[i][j] = 0.25 * Cu * Cv * sum;
fprintf(fp, "\n %f", idctMatrix[i][j]);
}
fprintf(fp, "\n");
}
}
int main() {
float
testBlockA[8][8] = { {255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255},
{255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255},
{255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255},
{255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255},
{255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255},
{255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255},
{255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255},
{255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255} },
testBlockB[8][8] = {{255, 0, 255, 0, 255, 0, 255, 0},
{0, 255, 0, 255, 0, 255, 0, 255},
{255, 0, 255, 0, 255, 0, 255, 0},
{0, 255, 0, 255, 0, 255, 0, 255},
{255, 0, 255, 0, 255, 0, 255, 0},
{0, 255, 0, 255, 0, 255, 0, 255},
{255, 0, 255, 0, 255, 0, 255, 0},
{0, 255, 0, 255, 0, 255, 0, 255} };
dct(testBlockB);
}
最佳答案
if语句的cv常量赋值中至少有两个输入错误:
if (v == 0) {
Cv = 1.0 / sqrt(2.0);
} else {
Cu = (1.0); // << this should be Cv = 1.0
}
但是检查得不太好。使用关于余弦变换的german wikipedia,下面的代码可以工作…
我不想花时间搞清楚你是如何定义转换常数的。
我想您需要确保使用正确的常量和反函数:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <math.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
void dct(float **DCTMatrix, float **Matrix, int N, int M);
void write_mat(FILE *fp, float **testRes, int N, int M);
void idct(float **Matrix, float **DCTMatrix, int N, int M);
float **calloc_mat(int dimX, int dimY);
void free_mat(float **p);
float **calloc_mat(int dimX, int dimY){
float **m = calloc(dimX, sizeof(float*));
float *p = calloc(dimX*dimY, sizeof(float));
int i;
for(i=0; i <dimX;i++){
m[i] = &p[i*dimY];
}
return m;
}
void free_mat(float **m){
free(m[0]);
free(m);
}
void write_mat(FILE *fp, float **m, int N, int M){
int i, j;
for(i =0; i< N; i++){
fprintf(fp, "%f", m[i][0]);
for(j = 1; j < M; j++){
fprintf(fp, "\t%f", m[i][j]);
}
fprintf(fp, "\n");
}
fprintf(fp, "\n");
}
void dct(float **DCTMatrix, float **Matrix, int N, int M){
int i, j, u, v;
for (u = 0; u < N; ++u) {
for (v = 0; v < M; ++v) {
DCTMatrix[u][v] = 0;
for (i = 0; i < N; i++) {
for (j = 0; j < M; j++) {
DCTMatrix[u][v] += Matrix[i][j] * cos(M_PI/((float)N)*(i+1./2.)*u)*cos(M_PI/((float)M)*(j+1./2.)*v);
}
}
}
}
}
void idct(float **Matrix, float **DCTMatrix, int N, int M){
int i, j, u, v;
for (u = 0; u < N; ++u) {
for (v = 0; v < M; ++v) {
Matrix[u][v] = 1/4.*DCTMatrix[0][0];
for(i = 1; i < N; i++){
Matrix[u][v] += 1/2.*DCTMatrix[i][0];
}
for(j = 1; j < M; j++){
Matrix[u][v] += 1/2.*DCTMatrix[0][j];
}
for (i = 1; i < N; i++) {
for (j = 1; j < M; j++) {
Matrix[u][v] += DCTMatrix[i][j] * cos(M_PI/((float)N)*(u+1./2.)*i)*cos(M_PI/((float)M)*(v+1./2.)*j);
}
}
Matrix[u][v] *= 2./((float)N)*2./((float)M);
}
}
}
int main() {
float
testBlockA[8][8] = { {255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255},
{255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255},
{255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255},
{255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255},
{255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255},
{255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255},
{255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255},
{255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255} },
testBlockB[8][8] = {{255, 0, 255, 0, 255, 0, 255, 0},
{0, 255, 0, 255, 0, 255, 0, 255},
{255, 0, 255, 0, 255, 0, 255, 0},
{0, 255, 0, 255, 0, 255, 0, 255},
{255, 0, 255, 0, 255, 0, 255, 0},
{0, 255, 0, 255, 0, 255, 0, 255},
{255, 0, 255, 0, 255, 0, 255, 0},
{0, 255, 0, 255, 0, 255, 0, 255} };
FILE * fp = fopen("mydata.csv", "w");
int dimX = 8, dimY = 8;
int i, j;
float **testBlock = calloc_mat(dimX, dimY);
float **testDCT = calloc_mat(dimX, dimY);
float **testiDCT = calloc_mat(dimX, dimY);
for(i = 0; i<dimX; i++){
for(j = 0; j<dimY; j++){
testBlock[i][j] = testBlockB[i][j];
}
}
dct(testDCT, testBlock, dimX, dimY);
write_mat(fp, testDCT, dimX, dimY);
idct(testiDCT, testDCT, dimX, dimY);
write_mat(fp, testiDCT, dimX, dimY);
fclose(fp);
free_mat(testBlock);
free_mat(testDCT);
free_mat(testiDCT);
return 0;
}
编辑
离散余弦变换是基于wiki中公式dct-ii的积。
idct基于公式dct-iii与每个维度的归一化因子2/n的积(因为这与文中提到的dct-ii相反)。
编辑
我很确定在你的版本中,逆dct中的因子应该是sqrt(2),而不是1/sqrt(2)。
关于c - 离散余弦变换DCT实现C,我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题:https://stackoverflow.com/questions/8310749/