关于 Apache Ivy 的三个快速问题:
(1) 在我们的整个项目中,我们使用了 100 多个“通用”JAR(log4j、junit、commons-cli 等)。我们是否必须为所有这些文件编写 ivy.xml(“模块描述符”)文件,或者是否可以在 ibiblio(或其他)存储库中找到通用文件?强制您的用户为每个依赖项编写他们自己的 ivy 文件对我来说听起来非常残酷和不寻常。
(2) 特定 JAR 甚至需要 ivy 文件,还是当 Ivy 在 repo 中查找没有相应 ivy 文件的依赖项时有默认值?
(3) 是否可以将所有依赖项都放在一个文件夹 (repo) 中并定义 1 个 ivy.xml 文件来配置所有依赖项?
感谢您在这里的任何帮助!
最佳答案
(1) Ivy 文件不必列出每个 jar。一些 jar 是其他 jar 的依赖项,并且由 ivy 自动从存储库中提取。没有可用的默认值。对于一个新项目,我通常会生成我的第一个 ivy 文件(请参阅随附的 ant2ivy 脚本)
(2) ivy 文件只有在 jar 有依赖时才需要在 ivy 仓库中。话虽如此,拥有一个是很好的做法。我个人欺骗并使用像 Nexus 这样的 Maven 存储库管理器来存储我的 jars。
(3) 您可以使用文件系统解析器在您的设置文件中创建一个本地存储库,如下所示:
<ivysettings>
<settings defaultResolver='maven-repos' />
<resolvers>
<chain name='maven-repos'>
<ibiblio name='central' m2compatible='true' />
<ibiblio name='spring-external' m2compatible='true' root='http://repository.springsource.com/maven/bundles/external' />
</chain>
<filesystem name='local'>
<artifact pattern='/home/mark/tmp/petclinic/build/jars/[artifact]' />
</filesystem>
</resolvers>
<modules>
<module organisation='NA' name='mylibrary1.jar' resolver='local' />
<module organisation='NA' name='mylibrary2.jar' resolver='local' />
..
</modules>
</ivysettings>
当与模块声明结合使用时,这使您的 ivy.xml 文件中的以下内容成为可能:
<dependency org='NA' name='mylibrary1.jar' rev='NA' />
<dependency org='NA' name='mylibrary2.jar' rev='NA' />
所有其他依赖项都从 Maven 存储库中检索。
如果您遵循我附加的 ant2ivy 脚本的逻辑,您将看到我将此策略与使用 Sonatype 的存储库 REST API 无法识别的 jar 一起使用
ant2ivy 脚本
这是一个粗略且现成的 groovy 脚本,它执行 Sonatypes 存储库的查找以识别指定目录中的 jar
//
// Dependencies
// ============
import groovy.xml.MarkupBuilder
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
@Grapes([
@Grab(group='org.slf4j', module='slf4j-simple', version='1.6.2')
])
//
// Classes
// =======
class Ant2Ivy {
Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(this.class.name);
String groupId
String artifactId
String repoUrl
Ant2Ivy(groupId, artifactId) {
this(groupId, artifactId, "http://repository.sonatype.org")
}
Ant2Ivy(groupId, artifactId, repoUrl) {
this.groupId = groupId
this.artifactId = artifactId
this.repoUrl = repoUrl
log.debug "groupId: {}, artifactId: {}", groupId, artifactId
}
//
// Given a directory, find all jar and search Nexus
// based on the file's checksum
//
// Return a data structure containing the GAV coordinates of each jar
//
def search(File inputDir) {
def results = [:]
results["found"] = []
results["missing"] = []
log.info "Searching: {} ...", repoUrl
def ant = new AntBuilder()
ant.fileset(id:"jars", dir:inputDir.absolutePath, includes:"**/*.jar")
ant.project.references.jars.each {
def jar = new File(inputDir, it.name)
// Checksum URL
ant.checksum(file:jar.absolutePath, algorithm:"SHA1", property:jar.name)
def searchUrl = "${repoUrl}/service/local/data_index?sha1=${ant.project.properties[jar.name]}"
log.debug "SearchUrl: {}, File: {}", searchUrl, jar.name
// Search for the first result
def searchResults = new XmlParser().parseText(searchUrl.toURL().text)
def artifact = searchResults.data.artifact[0]
if (artifact) {
log.debug "Found: {}", jar.name
results["found"].add([file:jar.name, groupId:artifact.groupId.text(), artifactId:artifact.artifactId.text(), version:artifact.version.text()])
}
else {
log.warn "Not Found: {}", jar.name
results["missing"].add([file:jar.name, fileObj:jar])
}
}
return results
}
//
// Given an input direcory, search for the GAV coordinates
// and use this information to write two XML files:
//
// ivy.xml Contains the ivy dependency declarations
// ivysettings.xml Resolver configuration
//
def generate(File inputDir, File outputDir) {
outputDir.mkdir()
def antFile = new File(outputDir, "build.xml")
def ivyFile = new File(outputDir, "ivy.xml")
def ivySettingsFile = new File(outputDir, "ivysettings.xml")
def localRepo = new File(outputDir, "jars")
def results = search(inputDir)
//
// Generate the ant build file
//
log.info "Generating ant file: {} ...", antFile.absolutePath
def antContent = new MarkupBuilder(antFile.newPrintWriter())
antContent.project(name: "Sample ivy builde", default:"resolve", "xmlns:ivy":"antlib:org.apache.ivy.ant" ) {
target(name:"resolve") {
"ivy:resolve"()
}
target(name:"clean") {
"ivy:cleancache"()
}
}
//
// Generate the ivy file
//
log.info "Generating ivy file: {} ...", ivyFile.absolutePath
def ivyConfig = new MarkupBuilder(ivyFile.newPrintWriter())
ivyConfig."ivy-module"(version:"2.0") {
info(organisation:this.groupId, module:this.artifactId)
configurations(defaultconfmapping:"default")
dependencies() {
results.found.each {
dependency(org:it.groupId, name:it.artifactId, rev:it.version, conf:"default->master")
}
results.missing.each {
dependency(org:"NA", name:it.file, rev:"NA")
}
}
}
//
// Generate the ivy settings file
//
log.info "Generating ivy settings file: {} ...", ivySettingsFile.absolutePath
def ivySettings = new MarkupBuilder(ivySettingsFile.newPrintWriter())
def ant = new AntBuilder()
ivySettings.ivysettings() {
settings(defaultResolver:"maven-repos")
resolvers() {
chain(name:"maven-repos") {
// TODO: Make this list of Maven repos configurable
ibiblio(name:"central", m2compatible:"true")
ibiblio(name:"spring-external", m2compatible:"true", root:"http://repository.springsource.com/maven/bundles/external")
}
if (results.missing.size() > 0) {
filesystem(name:"local") {
artifact(pattern:"${localRepo.absolutePath}/[artifact]")
}
}
}
if (results.missing.size() > 0) {
modules() {
results.missing.each {
module(organisation:"NA", name:it.file, resolver:"local")
ant.copy(file:it.fileObj.absolutePath, tofile:"${localRepo.absolutePath}/${it.file}")
}
}
}
}
}
}
//
// Main program
// ============
def cli = new CliBuilder(usage: 'ant2ivy')
cli.with {
h longOpt: 'help', 'Show usage information'
g longOpt: 'groupid', args: 1, 'Module groupid', required: true
a longOpt: 'artifactid', args: 1, 'Module artifactid', required: true
s longOpt: 'sourcedir', args: 1, 'Source directory containing jars', required: true
t longOpt: 'targetdir', args: 1, 'Target directory where write ivy build files', required: true
}
def options = cli.parse(args)
if (!options) {
return
}
if (options.help) {
cli.usage()
}
//
// Generate ivy configuration
//
def ant2ivy = new Ant2Ivy(options.groupid, options.artifactid)
ant2ivy.generate(new File(options.sourcedir), new File(options.targetdir))
脚本运行如下:
groovy ant2ivy.groovy -g com.hello -a test -s targetdir/WEB-INF/lib -t build
当针对 petclinic 示例运行时,它生成了以下文件
build/build.xml
build/ivy.xml
build/ivysettings.xml
build/jars/..
..
jars 目录包含在 Maven 存储库中找不到的那些库。
关于 Apache Ivy : Dependency Ivy FIles,我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题:https://stackoverflow.com/questions/7363580/