getRegionTotal()是我现在用于验证的功能。它的工作原理非常好,因为如果用户输入“二十”或“-7”之类的东西,它将不会接受它,并且会一直询问新值,直到获得有效的值为止。但是,如果用户为北部地区的事故数量输入60.7,它将接受60并删除.7部分。然后,当询问南部地区的事故数量时,它将提供常规说明和更具体的说明。

//These will hold the number of accidents in each region last year
int northTotal = 0;
int southTotal = 0;
int eastTotal = 0;
int westTotal = 0;
int centralTotal = 0;

//passing 0 for northTotal, southTotal etc. because main doesn't know
//values of them until the function returns a value. When it returns a value
//it will go into the variables on the left. getRegionTotal will get the number
//of accidents for a region from the user and prompt the user using the string that
//is in the first argument.
northTotal = getRegionTotal("North", northTotal);
southTotal = getRegionTotal("South", southTotal);
eastTotal = getRegionTotal("East", eastTotal);
westTotal = getRegionTotal("West", westTotal);
centralTotal = getRegionTotal("Central", centralTotal);


int getRegionTotal(string regionName, int regionTotal)
{
    //instructs user to enter number of accidents reported in a particular region
    cout << "\nNumber of automobile accidents reported in " << regionName << " " << cityName << ": ";
    //while regionTotal is not an integer or regionTotal is negative
    while (!(cin >> regionTotal) || (regionTotal < 0) )
    {
        //give user more specific instructions
        cout << "\nPlease enter a positive whole number for the number of\n";
        cout << "automobile accidents in " << regionName << " " << cityName << ": ";
        cin.clear(); //clear out cin object
        cin.ignore(100, '\n'); //ignore whatever is in the cin object
                                //up to 100 characters or until
                                // a new line character
    }
    //returns a valid value for the number of accidents for the region
    return regionTotal;
}

最佳答案

解析整行,并确保您已消耗整行。

使用iostream:

#include <iostream>
#include <sstream>
#include <string>

for (std::string line; std::getline(std::cin, line); )
{
    std::istringstream iss(line);
    int result;

    if (!(iss >> result >> std::ws && iss.get() == EOF))
    {
        // error, die. For example:

        std::cout << "Unparsable input: '" << line << "'\n";
        continue;
    }

    // else use "result"
}

使用stdlib:
#include <errno>
#include <cstdlib>

char const * input = line.c_str();   // from above, say
char * e;
errno = 0;

long int result = std::strtol(input, &e, 10);

if (e == input || *e != '\0' || errno != 0)
{
    // error
}

两种方法在根本上是相同的,但前一种可能更像是“惯用的C++”。就是说,如果您已经有一个字符串,那么strtol -approach是一个很好的选择,因为它可以为您提供精确的错误处理:是否消耗了整个字符串(否则,e指向下一个字符);您是否消耗了任何字符串(如果没有,则e指向开头);是否有上溢或下溢(请检查errno)。另一方面,iostreams方法使您可以使用尾随空白(由于>> std::ws),而strtol -solution则不会。

还有std::stol包装了strtol(以及类似的strtoull / strtod等),但是它在错误时引发了异常,我相信异常不是构造正常行为(如读取用户输入)的控制流的正确工具。另外,您无法控制这些包装程序的运行方式;例如,即使他们不使用整个字符串(但不告诉您他们走了多远),也可以成功,并且您无法指定数字基数。

关于c++ - 如何制作不接受浮点值的整数验证函数?,我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题:https://stackoverflow.com/questions/18976072/

10-13 08:17