我将向您展示rubykoans教程中的代码片段。考虑下一个代码:

class MyAnimals
LEGS = 2

  class Bird < Animal
    def legs_in_bird
      LEGS
    end
  end
end

def test_who_wins_with_both_nested_and_inherited_constants
  assert_equal 2, MyAnimals::Bird.new.legs_in_bird
end

# QUESTION: Which has precedence: The constant in the lexical scope,
# or the constant from the inheritance hierarchy?
# ------------------------------------------------------------------

class MyAnimals::Oyster < Animal
  def legs_in_oyster
    LEGS
  end
end

def test_who_wins_with_explicit_scoping_on_class_definition
  assert_equal 4, MyAnimals::Oyster.new.legs_in_oyster
end

# QUESTION: Now which has precedence: The constant in the lexical
# scope, or the constant from the inheritance hierarchy?  Why is it
# **different than the previous answer**?

实际上,问题是在评论中(我用星号突出显示了它(尽管它是粗体的)。有人能给我解释一下吗?提前谢谢!

最佳答案

这里回答:Ruby: explicit scoping on a class definition。但也许还不太清楚。如果你读了链接的文章,它会帮助你找到答案。
基本上,Bird是在MyAnimals的范围内声明的,这在解析常量时具有更高的优先级。Oyster位于MyAnimals命名空间中,但未在该作用域中声明。
p Module.nesting插入到每个类中,并显示封闭作用域是什么。

class MyAnimals
  LEGS = 2

  class Bird < Animal

    p Module.nesting
    def legs_in_bird
      LEGS
    end
  end
end

收益率:[AboutConstants::MyAnimals::Bird, AboutConstants::MyAnimals, AboutConstants]

class MyAnimals::Oyster < Animal
  p Module.nesting

  def legs_in_oyster
    LEGS
  end
end

收益率:[AboutConstants::MyAnimals::Oyster, AboutConstants]
看到区别了吗?

关于ruby - Ruby作用域,常量优先级:词法作用域或继承树,我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题:https://stackoverflow.com/questions/13661193/

10-13 00:25