c++ - 尝试构建xerces c++解析器。 Netbeans和命令行构建错误未定义对“xercesc_3_2…”的引用

我试图在基于Linux RedHat构建的NetBeans项目中Xerces c ++解析器库。

我遵循了构建指南（https://xerces.apache.org/xerces-c/build-3.html#UNIX）

1）下载tar.gz“ xerces-c-3.2.2.tar.gz”

2）使用“ tar xvzf”作为xerces-c-3.2.2提取到tar用户my / home / myuser / projects

3）导航到/ home / myuser / projects / xerces-c-3.2.2并在Linux上的命令行中发布

./configure --disable-shared --disable-static

有很多输出，但没有错误，接下来：

4）我在同一目录中运行“ make”。创建了许多.o和.lo文件...

输出是这样的：

 CXX      src/SEnumVal/SEnumVal.o
  CXXLD    SEnumVal
  CXX      src/StdInParse/StdInParse.o
  CXX      src/StdInParse/StdInParseHandlers.o
  CXXLD    StdInParse
  CXX      src/XInclude/XInclude.o
  CXXLD    XInclude

    make[2]: Leaving directory `/home/myUser/projects/xerces-c-3.2.2/samples'
    make[2]: Entering directory `/home/myUser/projects/xerces-c-3.2.2'
    make[2]: Leaving directory `/home/myUser/projects/xerces-c-3.2.2'
    make[1]: Leaving directory `/home/myUser/projects/xerces-c-3.2.2'

接下来没有错误：

5）cd / src＆ls -a显示.libs目录已建立。

进入/home/myUser/projects/xerces-c-3.2.2/src/.libs的CD显示：

libxerces-c.a  libxerces-c.la  libxerces-c.lai

6）根据编程指南（http://xerces.apache.org/xerces-c/program-3.html）尝试运行示例代码：

#include <xercesc/util/PlatformUtils.hpp>
// Other include files, declarations, and non-Xerces-C++ initializations.

using namespace xercesc;

int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
  try {
    XMLPlatformUtils::Initialize();
  }
  catch (const XMLException& toCatch) {
    // Do your failure processing here
    return 1;
  }

  // Do your actual work with Xerces-C++ here.

  XMLPlatformUtils::Terminate();

  // Other terminations and cleanup.
  return 0;
}

在按下项目属性之前，C ++编译器包括目录并添加了以下路径

1）../../ projects / xerces-c-3.2.2 / src / xercesc

2）../../ projects / xerces-c-3.2.2 / src

3）../../ projects / xerces-c-3.2.2 / src / .libs

并包含标题的路径：

1）../../projects/xerces-c-3.2.2/src/xercesc/util/PlatformUtils.hpp

2）../../projects/xerces-c-3.2.2/src/xercesc/util/XMLUni.hpp

3）../../projects/xerces-c-3.2.2/src/xercesc/util/XMLException.hpp

我还访问了项目属性链接器，并添加了“其他库目录”和“运行时搜索目录”

1）../../ projects / xerces-c-3.2.2 / src / xercesc

2）../../ projects / xerces-c-3.2.2 / src

3）../../ projects / xerces-c-3.2.2 / src / .libs

最后，我按下了Clean＆build in Netbeans，报告了编译器命令和错误：

cd '/home/myUser/NetBeansProjects/SOFF_test'
/usr/bin/gmake -f Makefile CONF=Debug clean
"/usr/bin/gmake" -f nbproject/Makefile-Debug.mk QMAKE= SUBPROJECTS= .clean-conf
gmake[1]: Entering directory `/home/myUser/NetBeansProjects/SOFF_test'
rm -f -r build/Debug
gmake[1]: Leaving directory `/home/myUser/NetBeansProjects/SOFF_test'

CLEAN SUCCESSFUL (total time: 209ms)

cd '/home/myUser/NetBeansProjects/SOFF_test'
/usr/bin/gmake -f Makefile CONF=Debug
"/usr/bin/gmake" -f nbproject/Makefile-Debug.mk QMAKE= SUBPROJECTS= .build-conf
gmake[1]: Entering directory `/home/myUser/NetBeansProjects/SOFF_test'
"/usr/bin/gmake"  -f nbproject/Makefile-Debug.mk dist/Debug/GNU-Linux/soff_test
gmake[2]: Entering directory `/home/myUser/NetBeansProjects/SOFF_test'
mkdir -p build/Debug/GNU-Linux
rm -f "build/Debug/GNU-Linux/newmain.o.d"

g++    -c -g -I../../projects/xerces-c-3.2.2/src/xercesc -I../../projects/xerces-c-3.2.2/src -include ../../projects/xerces-c-3.2.2/src/xercesc/util/PlatformUtils.hpp -include ../../projects/xerces-c-3.2.2/src/xercesc/util/XMLUni.hpp -include ../../projects/xerces-c-3.2.2/src/xercesc/util/XMLException.hpp -MMD -MP -MF "build/Debug/GNU-Linux/newmain.o.d" -o build/Debug/GNU-Linux/newmain.o newmain.cpp

mkdir -p dist/Debug/GNU-Linux

g++     -o dist/Debug/GNU-Linux/soff_test build/Debug/GNU-Linux/newmain.o -L../../projects/xerces-c-3.2.2/src/ -L../../projects/xerces-c-3.2.2/src/xercesc/ -L../../projects/xerces-c-3.2.2/src/.libs -Wl,-rpath,'../../projects/xerces-c-3.2.2/src/' -Wl,-rpath,'../../projects/xerces-c-3.2.2/src/xercesc/util/'
build/Debug/GNU-Linux/newmain.o:

In function `main':
/home/myUser/NetBeansProjects/SOFF_test/newmain.cpp:26: undefined reference to `xercesc_3_2::XMLUni::fgXercescDefaultLocale'

/home/myUser/NetBeansProjects/SOFF_test/newmain.cpp:26: undefined reference to `xercesc_3_2::XMLPlatformUtils::Initialize(char const*, char const*, xercesc_3_2::PanicHandler*, xercesc_3_2::MemoryManager*)'

/home/myUser/NetBeansProjects/SOFF_test/newmain.cpp:36: undefined reference to `xercesc_3_2::XMLPlatformUtils::Terminate()'

build/Debug/GNU-Linux/newmain.o:(.gcc_except_table+0x10): undefined reference to `typeinfo for xercesc_3_2::XMLException'

collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status
gmake[2]: *** [dist/Debug/GNU-Linux/soff_test] Error 1
gmake[2]: Leaving directory `/home/myUser/NetBeansProjects/SOFF_test'
gmake[1]: *** [.build-conf] Error 2
gmake[1]: Leaving directory `/home/myUser/NetBeansProjects/SOFF_test'
gmake: *** [.build-impl] Error 2

BUILD FAILED (exit value 2, total time: 456ms)

如果您引用g ++编译命令：

  g++    -c -g -I../../projects/xerces-c-3.2.2/src/xercesc -I../../projects/xerces-c-3.2.2/src -include ../../projects/xerces-c-3.2.2/src/xercesc/util/PlatformUtils.hpp -include ../../projects/xerces-c-3.2.2/src/xercesc/util/XMLUni.hpp -include ../../projects/xerces-c-3.2.2/src/xercesc/util/XMLException.hpp -MMD -MP -MF "build/Debug/GNU-Linux/newmain.o.d" -o build/Debug/GNU-Linux/newmain.o newmain.cpp


    g++     -o dist/Debug/GNU-Linux/soff_test build/Debug/GNU-Linux/newmain.o -L../../projects/xerces-c-3.2.2/src/ -L../../projects/xerces-c-3.2.2/src/xercesc/ -L../../projects/xerces-c-3.2.2/src/.libs -Wl,-rpath,'../../projects/xerces-c-3.2.2/src/' -Wl,-rpath,'../../projects/xerces-c-3.2.2/src/xercesc/util/'
    build/Debug/GNU-Linux/newmain.o:

您可以看到包含了代码示例的标题：

-include ../../projects/xerces-c-3.2.2/src/xercesc/util/PlatformUtils.hpp -include ../../projects/xerces-c-3.2.2/src/xercesc/util/XMLUni.hpp -include ../../projects/xerces-c-3.2.2/src/xercesc/util/XMLException.hpp

还为链接程序提供了.libs＆src（可能不需要）文件夹

-L../../projects/xerces-c-3.2.2/src/ -L../../projects/xerces-c-3.2.2/src/xercesc/ -L../../projects/xerces-c-3.2.2/src/.libs

NetBeans能够看到#include <xercesc/util/PlatformUtils.hpp>，甚至可以单击xerces PlatformUtils.hpp并通过IDE来查看函数实现。

1）为什么即使IDE可以解析标头，NetBeans仍无法编译和查找Xerces库？

2）最终，如何解决此问题？ （我的包含内容正确吗？）

更新：

根据用户“ jww”的建议，解决了上述原始错误“未定义引用”，请参见注释。

1）我将#include更改为#include“ xercesc / util / PlatformUtils.hpp”
2）还通过“项目属性”，“链接器”，“库”菜单添加了libxerces-c.a。

这些是NetBeans生成的更新的构建命令：

  g++    -c -g -I../../projects/xerces-c-3.2.2/src/xercesc -I../../projects/xerces-c-3.2.2/src -I../../projects/xerces-c-3.2.2/src/.libs -include ../../projects/xerces-c-3.2.2/src/xercesc/util/PlatformUtils.hpp -include ../../projects/xerces-c-3.2.2/src/xercesc/util/XMLUni.hpp -include ../../projects/xerces-c-3.2.2/src/xercesc/util/XMLException.hpp -MMD -MP -MF "build/Debug/GNU-Linux/newmain.o.d" -o build/Debug/GNU-Linux/newmain.o newmain.cpp
    mkdir -p dist/Debug/GNU-Linux


    g++     -o dist/Debug/GNU-Linux/soff_test build/Debug/GNU-Linux/newmain.o -L../../projects/xerces-c-3.2.2/src/ -L../../projects/xerces-c-3.2.2/src/xercesc/ -L../../projects/xerces-c-3.2.2/src/.libs -Wl,-rpath,'../../projects/xerces-c-3.2.2/src/.libs' -Wl,-rpath,'../../projects/xerces-c-3.2.2/src' -Wl,-rpath,'../../projects/xerces-c-3.2.2/src/xercesc' -lxerces-c

您可以看到已添加-lxerces-c标志。

现在，我自然会遇到新错误，这些错误与示例代码无关，但是深入到xerces库代码中，它们又具有“未定义引用”的性质。

See below:

/home/anaim/projects/xerces-c-3.2.2/src/xercesc/util/NetAccessors/Curl/CurlNetAccessor.cpp:70: undefined reference to `curl_global_init'

/home/anaim/projects/xerces-c-3.2.2/src/xercesc/util/NetAccessors/Curl/CurlNetAccessor.cpp:70: undefined reference to `curl_global_init'

../../projects/xerces-c-3.2.2/src/.libs/libxerces-c.a(CurlNetAccessor.o): In function `xercesc_3_2::CurlNetAccessor::cleanupCurl()':
/home/anaim/projects/xerces-c-3.2.2/src/xercesc/util/NetAccessors/Curl/CurlNetAccessor.cpp:78: undefined reference to `curl_global_cleanup'

../../projects/xerces-c-3.2.2/src/.libs/libxerces-c.a(CurlURLInputStream.o): In function `xercesc_3_2::CurlURLInputStream::readMore(int*)':
/home/anaim/projects/xerces-c-3.2.2/src/xercesc/util/NetAccessors/Curl/CurlURLInputStream.cpp:269: undefined reference to `curl_multi_perform'

Etc, etc...

我还通过添加-lcurl和-lpthread解决了上述错误以及其他问题

这是最新的编译命令（再次生成其NetBeans）

g++    -c -g -I../../projects/xerces-c-3.2.2/src/xercesc -I../../projects/xerces-c-3.2.2/src -include ../../projects/xerces-c-3.2.2/src/xercesc/util/PlatformUtils.hpp -include ../../projects/xerces-c-3.2.2/src/xercesc/util/XMLUni.hpp -include ../../projects/xerces-c-3.2.2/src/xercesc/util/XMLException.hpp -include ../../projects/xerces-c-3.2.2/src/xercesc/util/NetAccessors/Curl/CurlNetAccessor.hpp -include ../../projects/xerces-c-3.2.2/src/xercesc/util/NetAccessors/Curl/CurlURLInputStream.hpp -include ../../projects/xerces-c-3.2.2/src/xercesc/util/Transcoders/ICU/ICUTransService.hpp -include ../../projects/xerces-c-3.2.2/src/xercesc/xinclude/XIncludeDOMDocumentProcessor.hpp -include ../../projects/xerces-c-3.2.2/src/xercesc/xinclude/XIncludeLocation.hpp -include ../../projects/xerces-c-3.2.2/src/xercesc/xinclude/XIncludeUtils.hpp -MMD -MP -MF "build/Debug/GNU-Linux/newmain.o.d" -o build/Debug/GNU-Linux/newmain.o newmain.cpp
mkdir -p dist/Debug/GNU-Linux


g++     -o dist/Debug/GNU-Linux/soff_test build/Debug/GNU-Linux/newmain.o -L../../projects/xerces-c-3.2.2/src/ -L../../projects/xerces-c-3.2.2/src/xercesc/ -L../../projects/xerces-c-3.2.2/src/.libs -Wl,-rpath,'../../projects/xerces-c-3.2.2/src' -Wl,-rpath,'../../projects/xerces-c-3.2.2/src/xercesc' -Wl,-rpath,'../../projects/xerces-c-3.2.2/src/.libs' -lxerces-c -lcurl -lpthread

新错误：

再次是“未定义的引用”：

../../projects/xerces-c-3.2.2/src/.libs/libxerces-c.a(ICUTransService.o）：在函数xercesc_3_2::ICUTransService::upperCase(unsigned short*)':/home/anaim/projects/xerces-c-3.2.2/src/xercesc/util/Transcoders/ICU/ICUTransService.cpp:358: undefined reference to u_toupper_50'中

等等...

1）因此，我必须重复相同的步骤并将标题添加到路径中，直到解决这些问题？

这似乎是NetBeans问题？

如果开发人员提供了到库的写路径（在这种情况下为xerces），并且NetBeans能够看到该库（这样做），为什么NetBeans不能生​​成正确的编译器/链接器命令，而不是C / C ++的全部内容IDE吗？

我的最新尝试：

我已经开始使用不依赖NetBeans的自定义Makefile。

这是Makefile：

   # vars c++
CXX := g++
CXXFLAGS := -std=c++11 -Wall -g

#collect  all c++ files $(wildcard *.cpp)
SOURCES_CC = newmain.cpp

#vars c
CC := gcc
CFLAGS := -std=c99 -Wall -g

#collect all c files
SOURCES_C := $(wildcard *.c)

#objects
OBJECTS_DIR := build

#construct objects from .c and .cpp to .o
OBJECTS := $(SOURCES_C:%.c=%.o) $(SOURCES_CC:%.cpp=%.o)

#final executable in dist
DIST_DIR := dist
PROGRAM  := $(DIST_DIR)/main

#required libraries
LDFLAGS = -L../../projects/xerces-c-3.2.2/src/xercesc/ -lxerces-c

debug := CFLAGS

.PHONY: all
all debug: $(PROGRAM)

$(PROGRAM): $(OBJECTS)
    $(CXX) -o $@ $(OBJECTS) $(LDFLAGS)

.PHONY: clean
    clean:
    rm -f $(PROGRAM) $(OBJECTS)

这是最新的错误：

cd '/home/myuser/NetBeansProjects/SOFF_test'
/usr/bin/gmake -f Makefile CONF=Debug
gmake: *** No rule to make target `-I../../projects/xerces-c-3.2.2/src/xercesc', needed by `dist/main'.  Stop.

我能够使用以下命令行构建xerces：

g++ -std=c++11 -Wall -g -L../../projects/xerces-c-3.2.2/src/xercesc/ -o main newmain.cpp -lxerces-c

**这是我唯一的问题！如何更改此自定义Makefile来构建示例xerces示例以及我自己的源文件（.c和.cpp）

太感谢了！

最佳答案

根据您的评论，这是一个简单的makefile ..希望这会有所帮助:)

CC = gcc
CXX = g++
CFLAGS = -std=c99 -Wall
CXXFLAGS = -std=c++11 -Wall

PROGRAM  = dist/main

SOURCES_C = $(wildcard *.c)
SOURCES_CC = newmain.cpp

OBJS = $(SOURCES_C:%.c=%.o) $(SOURCES_CC:%.cpp=%.o)

LIBS = -L../../projects/xerces-c-3.2.2/src/xercesc/ -lxerces-c

all: $(PROGRAM)

clean:
    rm -f $(PROGRAM) $(OBJS)

%.o : %.c
    $(CC) -c $(CFLAGS) $<

%.o : %.cpp
    $(CXX) -c $(CXXFLAGS) $<

$(PROGRAM): $(OBJS)
    $(CXX) -o $@ $(OBJS) $(LIBS)

.PHONY: all clean