我完全是红宝石初学者我正在努力学习ruby的第45课,目前正在创建一个类似于zork和冒险的游戏。
我创建了一个结构,在其中我在不同的文件中创建“场景”,并要求所有场景都在一个文件中,其中我有一个引擎/映射,确保当前场景不等于“完成”,它运行“x”场景的“enter”方法。
但是我有两个问题:
1)我一直收到一个错误,说“警告类变量从顶层访问”
2)即使脚本正在运行,我仍然得到

ex45.rb:30:in `play': undefined method `enter' for nil:NilClass (NoMethodError) from ex45.rb:59:in

下面是我每个文件中的所有代码。我很抱歉,如果这是一个长期阅读,但我想知道为什么我得到这两个错误,我可以做些什么来纠正它们。
Ex45.rb号:
require "./scene_one.rb"
require "./scene_two.rb"
require "./scene_three.rb"

@@action = SceneOne.new
@@action_two = SceneTwo.new
@@action_three = SceneThree.new

class Engine

    def initialize(scene_map)
        @scene_map = scene_map
    end

    def play()
        current_scene = @scene_map.opening_scene()
        last_scene = @scene_map.next_scene('finished')

        while current_scene != last_scene
            next_scene_name = current_scene.enter()
            current_scene = @scene_map.next_scene(next_scene_name)
        end

        current_scene.enter()
    end
end


class Map

    @@scenes = {
        'scene_one' => @@action,
        'scene_two' => @@action_two,
        'scene_three' => @@action_three
    }

    def initialize(start_scene)
        @start_scene = start_scene
    end

    def next_scene(scene_name)
        val = @@scenes[scene_name]
        return val
    end

    def opening_scene()
        return next_scene(@start_scene)
    end
end

a_map = Map.new('scene_one')
a_game = Engine.new(a_map)
a_game.play()

场景1.rb:
类SceneOne
  def enter
    puts "What is 1 + 2?"
    print "> "

    answer = $stdin.gets.chomp

    if answer == "3"
        puts "Good job"
        return 'scene_two'
    else
        puts "try again"
        test
    end
  end

end

场景2.rb
class SceneTwo

    def enter
        puts "1 + 3?"
        print "> "

        action = $stdin.gets.chomp

        if action == "4"
            return 'scene_three'
        else
            puts "CANNOT COMPUTE"
        end
    end

end

场景3.rb
class SceneThree

    def enter
        puts "This is scene three"
    end

end

提前谢谢!

最佳答案

回答你的第一个问题:
您需要在Map类中移动类变量定义以消除这些警告:

Ex45.rb:5: warning: class variable access from toplevel
Ex45.rb:6: warning: class variable access from toplevel
Ex45.rb:7: warning: class variable access from toplevel

因此,您的Map类将如下所示:
class Map
    @@action = SceneOne.new
    @@action_two = SceneTwo.new
    @@action_three = SceneThree.new

    @@scenes = {
        'scene_one' => @@action,
        'scene_two' => @@action_two,
        'scene_three' => @@action_three
    }

    def initialize(start_scene)
        @start_scene = start_scene
    end

    def next_scene(scene_name)
        val = @@scenes[scene_name]
        return val
    end

    def opening_scene()
        return next_scene(@start_scene)
    end
end

回答你的第二个问题:
你得到undefined method 'enter' for nil:NilClass (NoMethodError)是因为你的current_scene在某个时刻变成nil,然后你尝试调用:current_scene.enter()nil.enter并失败,并显示错误消息。
要解决这个问题,你必须确保你的current_scene中总是有一些值,即确保它不是nil
我认为,您可以从current_scene.enter()类中的play方法的末尾移除Engine行因此,您的Engine类将如下所示:
class Engine
    def initialize(scene_map)
        @scene_map = scene_map
    end

    def play()
        current_scene = @scene_map.opening_scene()
        last_scene = @scene_map.next_scene('finished')

        while current_scene != last_scene
            next_scene_name = current_scene.enter()
            current_scene = @scene_map.next_scene(next_scene_name)
        end

        # current_scene.enter()
    end
end

而且,你不会再犯那个错误了。

关于ruby-on-rails - 从顶层访问类变量,我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题:https://stackoverflow.com/questions/32804409/

10-15 20:17