我正在使用静态类为程序提供随机值,但是实现等效于Random.Next(int maxValue)功能的过程中存在一些问题:
public class CRandom {
static readonly byte[] randomSet;
static readonly Func<int> closedIndex;
static CRandom() {
randomSet = new byte[60000000];
closedIndex = _ClosedIndex(0);
RNGCryptoServiceProvider Gen = new RNGCryptoServiceProvider();
Gen.GetBytes(randomSet);
}
public static int Next() {
int index = closedIndex();
return Convert.ToInt32(randomSet[index]);
}
public static int Next(int maxValue) {
int index = closedIndex();
byte[] remainingSet = randomSet.Skip(index + 1).ToArray();
byte next = remainingSet.First(x => Convert.ToInt32(x) < maxValue);
return Convert.ToInt32(next);
}
public static Func<int> _ClosedIndex(int seed) {
// seed is the initial value
int _index = seed - 1;
Func<int> del = new Func<int>(() =>
{ // always returns auto-incremented value
_index++;
return _index;
});
return del;
}
}
基本上,它的工作是填充一个随机值的静态/只读字节数组,在使用Next(maxValue)方法的情况下,它仅获取范围内的下一个值,但以前从未使用过。但是,在循环中尝试使用Next(100)会得到以下结果,这些结果显然不是随机的:
53
20
20
34
34
73
73
73
73
这也是一种非常缓慢的方法。我敢肯定有更好的方法,但是我不完全知道Random.Next()是如何工作的。
最佳答案
《 MSDN杂志》对此确切主题有一个very detailed article。
它比您想象的要复杂。
他写了以下课;但是,请阅读本文以获取有关随机性的重要说明。
public class CryptoRandom : Random
{
private RNGCryptoServiceProvider _rng =
new RNGCryptoServiceProvider();
private byte[] _uint32Buffer = new byte[4];
public CryptoRandom() { }
public CryptoRandom(Int32 ignoredSeed) { }
public override Int32 Next()
{
_rng.GetBytes(_uint32Buffer);
return BitConverter.ToInt32(_uint32Buffer, 0) & 0x7FFFFFFF;
}
public override Int32 Next(Int32 maxValue)
{
if (maxValue < 0)
throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException("maxValue");
return Next(0, maxValue);
}
public override Int32 Next(Int32 minValue, Int32 maxValue)
{
if (minValue > maxValue)
throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException("minValue");
if (minValue == maxValue) return minValue;
Int64 diff = maxValue - minValue;
while (true)
{
_rng.GetBytes(_uint32Buffer);
UInt32 rand = BitConverter.ToUInt32(_uint32Buffer, 0);
Int64 max = (1 + (Int64)UInt32.MaxValue);
Int64 remainder = max % diff;
if (rand < max - remainder)
{
return (Int32)(minValue + (rand % diff));
}
}
}
public override double NextDouble()
{
_rng.GetBytes(_uint32Buffer);
UInt32 rand = BitConverter.ToUInt32(_uint32Buffer, 0);
return rand / (1.0 + UInt32.MaxValue);
}
public override void NextBytes(byte[] buffer)
{
if (buffer == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("buffer");
_rng.GetBytes(buffer);
}
}