像这样:
有一个非常好的to do it in R包。在python中,我能找出的最好的方法是使用squarify
包(受a post on how to do treemaps启发):
import numpy as np
import pandas as pd
import matplotlib as mpl
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import seaborn as sns # just to have better line color and width
import squarify
# for those using jupyter notebooks
%matplotlib inline
df = pd.DataFrame({
'v1': np.ones(100),
'v2': np.random.randint(1, 4, 100)})
df.sort_values(by='v2', inplace=True)
# color scale
cmap = mpl.cm.Accent
mini, maxi = df['v2'].min(), df['v2'].max()
norm = mpl.colors.Normalize(vmin=mini, vmax=maxi)
colors = [cmap(norm(value)) for value in df['v2']]
# figure
fig = plt.figure()
ax = fig.add_subplot(111, aspect="equal")
ax = squarify.plot(df['v1'], color=colors, ax=ax)
ax.set_xticks([])
ax.set_yticks([]);
但是,当我创建的不是100个元素而是200个元素(或其他非正方形数字)时,正方形变得未对齐。
另一个问题是,如果我将v2更改为某个类别变量(例如,一百个As,Bs,Cs和Ds),则会收到此错误:
因此,有人可以帮我解决以下两个问题:
除此之外,如果还有其他可以更有效地创建华夫饼图的python软件包,我真的很开放。
最佳答案
我花了几天时间来构建更通用的解决方案PyWaffle。
您可以通过安装
pip install pywaffle
源代码:https://github.com/gyli/PyWaffle
PyWaffle不使用matshow()方法,而是一一构建那些正方形。这样可以更轻松地进行自定义。此外,它提供了一个自定义的Figure类,该类返回一个Figure对象。通过更新图形的属性,您基本上可以控制图表中的所有内容。
一些例子:
彩色或透明背景:
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from pywaffle import Waffle
data = {'Democratic': 48, 'Republican': 46, 'Libertarian': 3}
fig = plt.figure(
FigureClass=Waffle,
rows=5,
values=data,
colors=("#983D3D", "#232066", "#DCB732"),
title={'label': 'Vote Percentage in 2016 US Presidential Election', 'loc': 'left'},
labels=["{0} ({1}%)".format(k, v) for k, v in data.items()],
legend={'loc': 'lower left', 'bbox_to_anchor': (0, -0.4), 'ncol': len(data), 'framealpha': 0}
)
fig.gca().set_facecolor('#EEEEEE')
fig.set_facecolor('#EEEEEE')
plt.show()
使用图标代替正方形:
data = {'Democratic': 48, 'Republican': 46, 'Libertarian': 3}
fig = plt.figure(
FigureClass=Waffle,
rows=5,
values=data,
colors=("#232066", "#983D3D", "#DCB732"),
legend={'loc': 'upper left', 'bbox_to_anchor': (1, 1)},
icons='child', icon_size=18,
icon_legend=True
)
一个图表中有多个子图:
import pandas as pd
data = pd.DataFrame(
{
'labels': ['Hillary Clinton', 'Donald Trump', 'Others'],
'Virginia': [1981473, 1769443, 233715],
'Maryland': [1677928, 943169, 160349],
'West Virginia': [188794, 489371, 36258],
},
).set_index('labels')
fig = plt.figure(
FigureClass=Waffle,
plots={
'311': {
'values': data['Virginia'] / 30000,
'labels': ["{0} ({1})".format(n, v) for n, v in data['Virginia'].items()],
'legend': {'loc': 'upper left', 'bbox_to_anchor': (1.05, 1), 'fontsize': 8},
'title': {'label': '2016 Virginia Presidential Election Results', 'loc': 'left'}
},
'312': {
'values': data['Maryland'] / 30000,
'labels': ["{0} ({1})".format(n, v) for n, v in data['Maryland'].items()],
'legend': {'loc': 'upper left', 'bbox_to_anchor': (1.2, 1), 'fontsize': 8},
'title': {'label': '2016 Maryland Presidential Election Results', 'loc': 'left'}
},
'313': {
'values': data['West Virginia'] / 30000,
'labels': ["{0} ({1})".format(n, v) for n, v in data['West Virginia'].items()],
'legend': {'loc': 'upper left', 'bbox_to_anchor': (1.3, 1), 'fontsize': 8},
'title': {'label': '2016 West Virginia Presidential Election Results', 'loc': 'left'}
},
},
rows=5,
colors=("#2196f3", "#ff5252", "#999999"), # Default argument values for subplots
figsize=(9, 5) # figsize is a parameter of plt.figure
)
关于python - 如何在python中制作华夫饼图? (方形饼图),我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题:https://stackoverflow.com/questions/41400136/