因此,我试图在我的应用程序中创建一个片段,其中包含一个使用appcompat活动的工具栏(作为操作栏),这样我就可以在多个视图中重用它。
我已经测试了一个简单的纯文本片段,使用了一个只扩展片段的类,并让它正常工作,但是要包含一个工具栏,我需要在视图中扩展appcompatactivity(我想)。
当我试图让它工作时,我得到一个错误,它说我的action_bar_fragment
不是Fragment
。
我觉得我错过了一些基本的东西。有什么想法吗?
主要活动:
package com.example.aaron.personaldataassistant;
import android.support.v7.app.ActionBar;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.support.v7.widget.Toolbar;
import android.view.MenuInflater;
import android.view.MenuItem;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.view.Menu;
import android.widget.Toast;
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
// action_bar_fragment = (Toolbar) findViewById(R.id.action_bar_fragment);
// setSupportActionBar(action_bar_fragment);
}
@Override
public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {
MenuInflater mi=getMenuInflater();
mi.inflate(R.menu.action_bar, menu);
return super.onCreateOptionsMenu(menu);
}
主要活动布局:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
android:orientation="vertical"
android:id="@+id/activity_main"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:paddingBottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
android:paddingLeft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
android:paddingRight="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
android:paddingTop="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
tools:context="com.example.aaron.personaldataassistant.MainActivity">
<fragment
android:id="@+id/action_bar_fragment"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
class="com.example.aaron.personaldataassistant.action_bar_fragment"
tools:layout="@layout/action_bar_fragment" />
</LinearLayout>
动作条碎片:
package com.example.aaron.personaldataassistant;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.support.annotation.Nullable;
import android.support.v4.app.Fragment;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.support.v7.widget.Toolbar;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.Menu;
import android.view.MenuInflater;
import android.view.MenuItem;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.widget.Toast;
public class action_bar_fragment extends AppCompatActivity {
public action_bar_fragment() {
}
Toolbar action_bar;
@Nullable
public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container, Bundle savedInstanceState) {
return inflater.inflate(R.layout.action_bar_fragment, container, false);
}
@Override
protected void onCreate (Bundle savedInstanceState){
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.action_bar_fragment);
action_bar = (Toolbar) findViewById(R.id.action_bar);
setSupportActionBar(action_bar);
}
@Override
public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {
MenuInflater mi = getMenuInflater();
mi.inflate(R.menu.action_bar, menu);
return super.onCreateOptionsMenu(menu);
}
@Override
public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item) {
int i = item.getItemId();
if (i == R.id.item1) {
Toast.makeText(action_bar_fragment.this, "Item 1", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
} else if (i == R.id.item2) {
Toast.makeText(action_bar_fragment.this, "Item 2", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
} else if (i == R.id.item3) {
Toast.makeText(action_bar_fragment.this, "Item 3", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
//replace toasts with desired actions: Settings, Help and Exit. Settigns is blank, help is context-dependent, exit gives possibility to exit
return super.onOptionsItemSelected(item);
}
}
片段布局:
<FrameLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
tools:context="layout.Fragment_1">
<!-- TODO: Update blank fragment layout -->
<TextView
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:text="@string/hello_blank_fragment" />
<android.support.v7.widget.Toolbar
android:id="@+id/action_bar"
android:layout_width="300dp"
android:layout_height="?attr/actionBarSize"
android:background="?attr/colorPrimaryDark"
android:elevation="8dp"
android:theme="@style/ThemeOverlay.AppCompat.ActionBar"
app:popupTheme="@style/ThemeOverlay.AppCompat.Light"
android:layout_alignParentTop="true"
android:layout_alignParentLeft="true"
android:layout_alignParentStart="true"
/>
</FrameLayout>
当然还有错误信息:
--------- beginning of crash
E/AndroidRuntime: FATAL EXCEPTION: main
Process: com.example.aaron.personaldataassistant, PID: 2481
java.lang.RuntimeException: Unable to start activity ComponentInfo{com.example.aaron.personaldataassistant/com.example.aaron.personaldataassistant.MainActivity}: android.view.InflateException: Binary XML file line #19: Binary XML file line #19: Error inflating class fragment
at android.app.ActivityThread.performLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:2646)
at android.app.ActivityThread.handleLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:2707)
at android.app.ActivityThread.-wrap12(ActivityThread.java)
at android.app.ActivityThread$H.handleMessage(ActivityThread.java:1460)
at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:102)
at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:154)
at android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:6077)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Native Method)
at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(ZygoteInit.java:865)
at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:755)
Caused by: android.view.InflateException: Binary XML file line #19: Binary XML file line #19: Error inflating class fragment
Caused by: android.view.InflateException: Binary XML file line #19: Error inflating class fragment
Caused by: android.app.Fragment$InstantiationException: Trying to instantiate a class com.example.aaron.personaldataassistant.action_bar_fragment that is not a Fragment
at android.app.Fragment.instantiate(Fragment.java:617)
at android.app.Fragment.instantiate(Fragment.java:593)
at android.app.FragmentManagerImpl.onCreateView(FragmentManager.java:2302)
at android.app.FragmentController.onCreateView(FragmentController.java:98)
at android.app.Activity.onCreateView(Activity.java:5884)
at android.support.v4.app.BaseFragmentActivityHoneycomb.onCreateView(BaseFragmentActivityHoneycomb.java:36)
at android.support.v4.app.FragmentActivity.onCreateView(FragmentActivity.java:75)
at android.view.LayoutInflater.createViewFromTag(LayoutInflater.java:777)
at android.view.LayoutInflater.createViewFromTag(LayoutInflater.java:727)
at android.view.LayoutInflater.rInflate(LayoutInflater.java:858)
at android.view.LayoutInflater.rInflateChildren(LayoutInflater.java:821)
at android.view.LayoutInflater.inflate(LayoutInflater.java:518)
at android.view.LayoutInflater.inflate(LayoutInflater.java:426)
at android.view.LayoutInflater.inflate(LayoutInflater.java:377)
at android.support.v7.app.AppCompatDelegateImplV9.setContentView(AppCompatDelegateImplV9.java:284)
at android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity.setContentView(AppCompatActivity.java:140)
at com.example.aaron.personaldataassistant.MainActivity.onCreate(MainActivity.java:24)
at android.app.Activity.performCreate(Activity.java:6662)
at android.app.Instrumentation.callActivityOnCreate(Instrumentation.java:1118)
at android.app.ActivityThread.performLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:2599)
at android.app.ActivityThread.handleLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:2707)
at android.app.ActivityThread.-wrap12(ActivityThread.java)
at android.app.ActivityThread$H.handleMessage(ActivityThread.java:1460)
at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:102)
at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:154)
at android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:6077)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Native Method)
at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(ZygoteInit.java:865)
at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:755)
Caused by: java.lang.ClassCastException
at android.app.Fragment.instantiate(Fragment.java:618)
at android.app.Fragment.instantiate(Fragment.java:593)
at android.app.FragmentManagerImpl.onCreateView(FragmentManager.java:2302)
at android.app.FragmentController.onCreateView(FragmentController.java:98)
at android.app.Activity.onCreateView(Activity.java:5884)
at android.support.v4.app.BaseFragmentActivityHoneycomb.onCreateView(BaseFragmentActivityHoneycomb.java:36)
at android.support.v4.app.FragmentActivity.onCreateView(FragmentActivity.java:75)
at android.view.LayoutInflater.createViewFromTag(LayoutInflater.java:777)
at android.view.LayoutInflater.createViewFromTag(LayoutInflater.java:727)
at android.view.LayoutInflater.rInflate(LayoutInflater.java:858)
at android.view.LayoutInflater.rInflateChildren(LayoutInflater.java:821)
at android.view.LayoutInflater.inflate(LayoutInflater.java:518)
at android.view.LayoutInflater.inflate(LayoutInflater.java:426)
at android.view.LayoutInflater.inflate(LayoutInflater.java:377)
at android.support.v7.app.AppCompatDelegateImplV9.setContentView(AppCompatDelegateImplV9.java:284)
at android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity.setContentView(AppCompatActivity.java:140)
at com.example.aaron.personaldataassistant.MainActivity.onCreate(MainActivity.java:24)
at android.app.Activity.performCreate(Activity.java:6662)
at android.app.Instrumentation.callActivityOnCreate(Instrumentation.java:1118)
at android.app.ActivityThread.performLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:2599)
at android.app.ActivityThread.handleLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:2707)
at android.app.ActivityThread.-wrap12(ActivityThread.java)
at android.app.ActivityThread$H.handleMessage(ActivityThread.java:1460)
at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:102)
at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:154)
at android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:6077)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Native Method)
at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(ZygoteInit.java:865)
at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:755)
Application terminated.
谢谢你抽出时间。
更新
这很好,最重要的答案帮助我发现,在片段中做事情可能需要不同的方法,而不是在活动中做。在谷歌上搜索“我如何在一个片段中做X”,结果几乎给了我所需要的一切。现在只剩下一个问题:我将操作栏片段行37更改为
setHasOptionsMenu(true);
action_bar = (Toolbar) getView().findViewById(R.id.action_bar);
这给了我一个空对象引用,但是布局肯定存在!知道怎么回事吗?
错误消息的相关部分是:
Caused by: java.lang.NullPointerException: Attempt to invoke virtual method 'android.view.View android.view.View.findViewById(int)' on a null object reference
很抱歉给你回电话耽搁了很久,我有工作。这次应该快一点!
我也将澄清我对你答复的评论。
最佳答案
这是因为您想要的片段不是片段而是活动,其中:
action_bar_fragment extends AppCompatActivity {
}
是一个活动,因此应该使用片段扩展
action_bar_fragment
:action_bar_fragment extends Fragment {
}
请更改代码样式,其中
action_bar_fragment
应该类似于ActionBarFragment
。类名应该以大写开头。请阅读Creating and Using Fragments。