python - tkinter-对由矩形组成的网格中的矩形着色的问题

我试图用python编写一个寻路算法。用户应该通过悬停一个字段的鼠标并按s来选择一个起点。该字段现在应该更改颜色。
但是，我不知道我的代码出了什么问题。我只能给从左上角到右下角的字段上色。在代码中，我打印出控制台中的objectID，这表明我创建矩形的方式可能有问题。
我在draw_grid类的Window方法中创建矩形，并为select_start_node方法中的字段着色。

import tkinter as tk


class Window:
    def __init__(self):
        self.height = 600
        self.width = 600
        self.grid_list = {x for x in range(0, 600)}
        self.grid = []
        self.grid_dict = {}
        self.root = tk.Tk()
        self.root.geometry("600x600")
        self.root.resizable(False, False)
        self.canvas = tk.Canvas(self.root, width=self.width,
                                height=self.height, background="white")
        self.canvas.bind("s", self.select_start_node)
        self.canvas.bind("<1>", lambda event:
        self.canvas.focus_set())

    def draw_grid(self):
        print(self.grid)
        for x in self.grid_list:
            if x % 30 == 0:
                self.grid.append(x)
            else:
                pass
        print(self.grid)

        for x in self.grid:
            for y in self.grid:
                print(x, y+30)
                rec = self.canvas.create_rectangle(x, x, y+30, y+30)

        self.canvas.pack()

    def select_start_node(self, event):
        print(event.x, event.y)
        x = self.canvas.canvasx(event.x)
        y = self.canvas.canvasy(event.y)
        item = self.canvas.find_closest(x, y)
        p = self.canvas.coords(item)
        print(item)
        print(p)
        self.canvas.create_rectangle(p[0], p[0], p[0]+30, p[0]+30, fill="red")


def main():
    node_list = []
    cord_list = []
    window = Window()
    window.draw_grid()
    window.root.mainloop()

if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()

最佳答案

我不知道你的整个游戏设计，但建议你做的事情不同于矩形网格。在下面的代码中，self.grid是一个二维列表，每个条目都是一个Canvas矩形对象。这使得选择和更改它们中的一个相对独立，因为canvas.find_closest(x, y)将直接为您提供关联矩形对象的对象id，这使得更改其填充颜色变得微不足道。
正因为如此，我也改变了它，所以你可以点击其中一个矩形来改变它，而不是移动鼠标光标然后按键。
还要注意的是，我也去掉了大部分你使用的那些硬编码的数值常量，这使得代码更灵活，如果你决定在以后更改其中一个代码。

import tkinter as tk


class Window:
    def __init__(self):
        self.cell_size = 30
        self.height = 600
        self.width = 600
        self.hz_cells = self.width // self.cell_size  # Number of horizontal cells.
        self.vt_cells = self.height // self.cell_size  # Number of vertical cells.

        # Preallocate 2D grid (list-of-lists).
        self.grid = [[None for _ in range(self.hz_cells)]
                               for _ in range(self.vt_cells)]
        self.root = tk.Tk()
        self.root.geometry("%sx%s" % (self.width, self.height))
        self.root.resizable(False, False)
        self.canvas = tk.Canvas(self.root, width=self.width,
                                height=self.height, background="white")
        self.canvas.pack()
        self.canvas.bind("<1>", self.select_start_node)

#        You can still do it this way if you want.
#        self.canvas.bind("s", self.select_start_node)
#        self.canvas.bind("<1>", lambda event: self.canvas.focus_set())

    def draw_grid(self):
        """ Fill Canvas with a grid of white rectangles. """
        for i in range(self.hz_cells):
            x = i * self.cell_size
            for j in range(self.vt_cells):
                y = j * self.cell_size
                self.grid[i][j] = self.canvas.create_rectangle(
                    x, y, x+self.cell_size, y+self.cell_size, fill="white")

    def select_start_node(self, event):
        """ Change the color of the rectangle closest to x, y of event. """
        x = self.canvas.canvasx(event.x)
        y = self.canvas.canvasy(event.y)
        selected_rect = self.canvas.find_closest(x, y)
        if selected_rect:
            self.canvas.itemconfigure(selected_rect, fill="red")  # Change color.


def main():
    node_list = []
    cord_list = []
    window = Window()
    window.draw_grid()
    window.root.mainloop()

if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()

关于python - tkinter-对由矩形组成的网格中的矩形着色的问题，我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/55307180/