有时,您的字符串必须适合一定的像素宽度。该功能试图有效地做到这一点。请在下面发布您的建议或重构:)
function fitStringToSize(str,len) {
var shortStr = str;
var f = document.createElement("span");
f.style.display = 'hidden';
f.style.padding = '0px';
document.body.appendChild(f);
// on first run, check if string fits into the length already.
f.innerHTML = str;
diff = f.offsetWidth - len;
// if string is too long, shorten it by the approximate
// difference in characters (to make for fewer iterations).
while(diff > 0)
{
shortStr = substring(str,0,(str.length - Math.ceil(diff / 5))) + '…';
f.innerHTML = shortStr;
diff = f.offsetWidth - len;
}
while(f.lastChild) {
f.removeChild(f.lastChild);
}
document.body.removeChild(f);
// if the string was too long, put the original string
// in the title element of the abbr, and append an ellipsis
if(shortStr.length < str.length)
{
return '<abbr title="' + str + '">' + shortStr + '</abbr>';
}
// if the string was short enough in the first place, just return it.
else
{
return str;
}
}
更新:
@some下面的解决方案要好得多;请使用它。
更新2:
现在,代码以gist的形式发布;随意 fork 并提交补丁:)
最佳答案
您的代码有两个问题。
/ 5
?字符的宽度取决于font-family
和font-size
。 str
(否则,“会使代码无效”)。diff
未声明,最终在全局范围内substring
不应该那样工作。你使用的是什么浏览器? hidden
不是style.display
的有效值。要隐藏它,您应该使用值none
,但是浏览器不会计算offsetWidth
。请改用style.visibility="hidden"
。 </abbr>
“我为您重写了它,并添加了
className
,以便您可以使用一种样式来设置font-family
和font-size
。 Fooz先生建议您使用鼠标悬停显示整个字符串。这是没有必要的,因为现代浏览器可以为您做到这一点(已通过FF,IE,Opera和Chrome测试) function fitStringToSize(str,len,className) {
var result = str; // set the result to the whole string as default
var span = document.createElement("span");
span.className=className; //Allow a classname to be set to get the right font-size.
span.style.visibility = 'hidden';
span.style.padding = '0px';
document.body.appendChild(span);
// check if the string don't fit
span.innerHTML = result;
if (span.offsetWidth > len) {
var posStart = 0, posMid, posEnd = str.length;
while (true) {
// Calculate the middle position
posMid = posStart + Math.ceil((posEnd - posStart) / 2);
// Break the loop if this is the last round
if (posMid==posEnd || posMid==posStart) break;
span.innerHTML = str.substring(0,posMid) + '…';
// Test if the width at the middle position is
// too wide (set new end) or too narrow (set new start).
if ( span.offsetWidth > len ) posEnd = posMid; else posStart=posMid;
}
//Escape
var title = str.replace("\"",""");
//Escape < and >
var body = str.substring(0,posStart).replace("<","<").replace(">",">");
result = '<abbr title="' + title + '">' + body + '…<\/abbr>';
}
document.body.removeChild(span);
return result;
}
编辑:
在进行更多测试时,我发现了两个错误。
Math.ceil
而不是预期的
Math.floor
(我将此归咎于说英语不是我的母语
语言)
那么结果将是不确定的
(在其中 chop 标记是不好的
中间还是留下未打开的标签)
改进之处:
<
和>
)while
-statement(这是一个快一点,但主要原因
是为了摆脱那个 bug
造成额外的回合并摆脱
中断声明的内容)
fitStringToWidth
版本2:
function fitStringToWidth(str,width,className) {
// str A string where html-entities are allowed but no tags.
// width The maximum allowed width in pixels
// className A CSS class name with the desired font-name and font-size. (optional)
// ----
// _escTag is a helper to escape 'less than' and 'greater than'
function _escTag(s){ return s.replace("<","<").replace(">",">");}
//Create a span element that will be used to get the width
var span = document.createElement("span");
//Allow a classname to be set to get the right font-size.
if (className) span.className=className;
span.style.display='inline';
span.style.visibility = 'hidden';
span.style.padding = '0px';
document.body.appendChild(span);
var result = _escTag(str); // default to the whole string
span.innerHTML = result;
// Check if the string will fit in the allowed width. NOTE: if the width
// can't be determined (offsetWidth==0) the whole string will be returned.
if (span.offsetWidth > width) {
var posStart = 0, posMid, posEnd = str.length, posLength;
// Calculate (posEnd - posStart) integer division by 2 and
// assign it to posLength. Repeat until posLength is zero.
while (posLength = (posEnd - posStart) >> 1) {
posMid = posStart + posLength;
//Get the string from the beginning up to posMid;
span.innerHTML = _escTag(str.substring(0,posMid)) + '…';
// Check if the current width is too wide (set new end)
// or too narrow (set new start)
if ( span.offsetWidth > width ) posEnd = posMid; else posStart=posMid;
}
result = '<abbr title="' +
str.replace("\"",""") + '">' +
_escTag(str.substring(0,posStart)) +
'…<\/abbr>';
}
document.body.removeChild(span);
return result;
}
关于javascript - 很好地 chop 字符串以适合给定的像素宽度,我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题:https://stackoverflow.com/questions/282758/