python - 如何获取Wikiprojects的Wikipedia数据？

我最近发现维基百科的Wikiprojects是根据discipline（https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:WikiProjects_by_discipline）分类的。如链接所示，它有34个学科。

我想知道是否有可能获得与每个wikipedia disciplines相关的所有维基百科文章。

例如，考虑WikiProject Computer science‎。是否可以使用WikiProject Computer science‎类别获取所有与计算机科学相关的维基百科文章？如果是这样，是否有与此相关的任何数据转储，或者是否有其他获取这些数据的方式？

我目前正在使用python（即pywikibot和pymediawiki）。但是，我也很高兴收到其他语言的答案。

如果需要，我很乐意提供更多详细信息。

最佳答案

如我所建议并添加到@arash的答案中，您可以使用Wikipedia API来获取Wikipedia数据。这是有关如何执行此操作的说明的链接，API:Categorymembers#GET_request

正如您评论的那样，您需要使用程序来获取数据，下面是JavaScript中的示例代码。它将从Category:WikiProject_Computer_science_articles获取前500个名称，并显示为输出。您可以根据以下示例转换您选择的语言：

// Importing the module
const fetch = require('node-fetch');

// URL with resources to fetch
const url = "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=query&format=json&list=categorymembers&cmtitle=Category%3AWikiProject_Computer_science_articles&cmprop.ids=1&cmlimit=500";

// Fetching using 'node-fetch'
fetch(url).then(res => res.json()).then(t => {
    // Getting the length of the returned array
    let len = t.query.categorymembers.length;
    // Iterating over all the response data
    for(let i=0;i<len;i++) {
        // Printing the names
        console.log(t.query.categorymembers[i].title);
    }
});

要将数据写入文件，可以执行以下操作：

//Importing the modules
const fetch = require('node-fetch');
const fs = require('fs');

//URL with resources to fetch
const url = "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=query&format=json&list=categorymembers&cmtitle=Category%3AWikiProject_Computer_science_articles&cmprop.ids=1&cmlimit=500";

//Fetching using 'node-fetch'
fetch(url).then(res => res.json()).then(t => {
    // Getting the length of the returned array
    let len = t.query.categorymembers.length;
    // Initializing an empty array
    let titles = [];
    // Iterating over all the response data
    for(let i=0;i<len;i++) {
        // Printing the names
        let title = t.query.categorymembers[i].title;
        console.log(title);
        titles[i] = title;
    }
    fs.writeFileSync('pathtotitles\\titles.txt', titles);
});

上面的代码将数据存储在一个,分隔的文件中，因为我们在那里使用了JavaScript数组。如果要在每行中存储而不使用逗号，则需要这样做：

//Importing the modules
const fetch = require('node-fetch');
const fs = require('fs');

//URL with resources to fetch
const url = "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=query&format=json&list=categorymembers&cmtitle=Category%3AWikiProject_Computer_science_articles&cmprop.ids=1&cmlimit=500";

//Fetching using 'node-fetch'
fetch(url).then(res => res.json()).then(t => {
    // Getting the length of the returned array
    let len = t.query.categorymembers.length;
    // Initializing an empty array
    let titles = '';
    // Iterating over all the response data
    for(let i=0;i<len;i++) {
        // Printing the names
        let title = t.query.categorymembers[i].title;
        console.log(title);
        titles += title + "\n";
    }
    fs.writeFileSync('pathtotitles\\titles.txt', titles);
});

通过使用cmlimit，我们不能获取超过500个标题，因此我们需要使用cmcontinue来检查和获取下一页...

尝试下面的代码，该代码获取特定类别的所有标题并进行打印，并将数据追加到文件中：

//Importing the modules
const fetch = require('node-fetch');
const fs = require('fs');
//URL with resources to fetch
var url = "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=query&format=json&list=categorymembers&cmtitle=Category%3AWikiProject_Computer_science_articles&cmlimit=500";

// Method to fetch and append the data to a file
var fetchTheData = async (url, index) => {
    return await fetch(url).then(res => res.json()).then(data => {
        // Getting the length of the returned array
        let len = data.query.categorymembers.length;
        // Initializing an empty string
        let titles = '';
        // Iterating over all the response data
        for(let i=0;i<len;i++) {
            // Printing the names
            let title = data.query.categorymembers[i].title;
            console.log(title);
            titles += title + "\n";
        }
        // Appending to the file
        fs.appendFileSync('pathtotitles\\titles.txt', titles);
        // Handling an end of error fetching titles exception
        try {
            return data.continue.cmcontinue;
        } catch(err) {
            return "===>>> Finished Fetching...";
        }
    });
}

// Method which will construct the next URL with next page to fetch the data
var constructNextPageURL = async (url) => {
    // Getting the next page token
    let nextPage = await fetchTheData(url);
    for(let i=1;i<=14;i++) {
        await console.log("=> The next page URL is : "+(url + '&cmcontinue=' + nextPage));
        // Constructing the next page URL with next page token and sending the fetch request
        nextPage = await fetchTheData(url + '&cmcontinue=' + nextPage);
    }
}

// Calling to begin extraction
constructNextPageURL(url);

希望对您有帮助...

关于python - 如何获取Wikiprojects的Wikipedia数据？，我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/54729496/