我只有几个互相延伸的课程。然后,我有另一个类,它调用覆盖的方法_draw(self.turtle)
。
类结构:
class Canvas:
def __init__(self,w,h):
self.width = w
self.height = h
self.visibleObjects = []
self.turtle = turtle.Turtle()
self.screen = turtle.Screen()
self.screen.setup(width=self.width,height=self.height)
self.turtle.hideturtle()
def draw(self,gObject):
gObject.setCanvas(self)
gObject.setVisible(True)
self.turtle.up()
self.screen.tracer(0)
gObject._draw(self.turtle)
self.screen.tracer(1)
self.addShape(gObject)
class GeometricObject:
def __init__(self):
self.lineColor = 'black'
self.lineWidth = 1
self.visible = False
self.myCanvas = None
// setters and getters
class Shape(GeometricObject):
def __init__(self, fillColor = None):
super().__init__()
self.fillColor = fillColor
def setFill(self, aturtle):
aturtle.begin_fill()
aturtle.down()
aturtle.color(self.fillColor)
class Polygon(Shape):
def __init__(self, cornerPoints, color, lineColor, lineWidth):
super().__init__(color)
self.cornerPoints = cornerPoints
def _draw(self, aturtle):
// Start Drawing
class Triangle(Polygon):
def __init__(self, threePoints, fillColor = None, lineColor = None, lineWidth = None):
super().__init__(threePoints, fillColor, lineColor, lineWidth)
if (lineColor is not None):
self.lineColor = lineColor
if(lineWidth is not None):
self.lineWidth = lineWidth
def _draw(self, aturtle):
if (self.fillColor is not None):
self.setFill(aturtle)
aturtle.up()
Polygon._draw(self, aturtle)
aturtle.end_fill()
myCanvas = Canvas(800,600)
triangle = Triangle([Point(-50, -10), Point(150,25), Point(50,50)], "red", "yellow")
myCanvas.draw(triangle)
调用
myCanvas.draw(triangle)
时,它将执行Canvas类中的draw方法。在draw方法的第六行,我正在调用实际类的_draw方法gObject._draw(self.turtle)
。当我进行调试时,gObject的类型为Triangle。因此,当执行此行代码时,我希望控件进入Triangle的_draw()。但是,该控件移至Polygon的_draw(),而该控件从未移至Triangle的_draw()。我不明白为什么要执行Polygon的_draw()?有人可以帮我吗?代码中是否缺少某些内容。
附:我有多个几何对象类,例如矩形,正方形,它们扩展了多边形等。
最佳答案
如评论中所述,您的缩进是错误的。例如:
class Shape(GeometricObject):
def __init__(self, fillColor = None):
super().__init__()
self.fillColor = fillColor
def setFill(self, aturtle):
aturtle.begin_fill()
aturtle.down()
aturtle.color(self.fillColor)
没有定义
Shape.setFill
方法,而是定义了仅在setFill
方法中存在的Shape.__init__
函数。因此,出于相同的原因,以下代码不会覆盖_draw
方法:class Triangle(Polygon):
def __init__(self, threePoints, fillColor = None, lineColor = None, lineWidth = None):
super().__init__(threePoints, fillColor, lineColor, lineWidth)
if (lineColor is not None):
self.lineColor = lineColor
if(lineWidth is not None):
self.lineWidth = lineWidth
def _draw(self, aturtle):
if (self.fillColor is not None):
self.setFill(aturtle)
aturtle.up()
Polygon._draw(self, aturtle)
aturtle.end_fill()
对于“琐事”,请注意,Python类型不能像Java或其他类型一样工作。特别是,除非您明确定义它,否则就没有类型转换。
因此,如果您按以下方式定义
Mother
和Daughter
:class Mother:
def __init__(self):
pass
def printClass(self):
print(self.__class__.__name__)
class Daughter(Mother):
def __init__(self):
super().__init__()
在
"Mother"
对象上调用printClass
时,没有直接方法打印Daughter
。在Java中,如下所示:
(Mother)Daughter.printClass();
会打印
"Mother"
,但是您无法在Python中执行此类操作。换句话说,可以将变量重新分配给具有不同类型的对象,但是如果不重新分配变量就无法更改变量的类型。
顺便说一句,一种解决方法是在
castToMother
类内部定义一个Daughter
方法,或类似的方法。该说明的重点是确保您知道
triangle
对象的类型为Triangle
,则triangle._draw
不可能调用Polygon._draw
。关于python - Python:如何调用子类的重写方法,我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题:https://stackoverflow.com/questions/40518539/