为了更好地理解c++中对象的工作原理,我编写了以下代码:

using namespace std;

char n[] = "\n";

class T
{
  private:
    int num;

  public:
    T ()
    {
        num = 0;
        cout << n << (long)this % 0xFF << " created without param";
    }

    T (const int param)
    {
        num = param;
        cout << n << (long)this % 0xFF << " created with param = " << param;
    }

    T (const T& obj)
    {
        num = obj.num;
        cout << n << (long)this % 0xFF << " created as copy of " << (long)&obj % 0xFF;
    }

    const T& operator= (const T& obj)
    {
        if (this == &obj)
            return *this;
        num = obj.num;
        cout << n << (long)this % 0xFF << " got assigned the data of " << (long)&obj % 0xFF;
        return *this;
    }

    ~T ()
    {
        cout << n << (long)this % 0xFF << " destroyed";
    }

    int get () const {return num;}
    void set (const int param) {num = param;}
};

T PlusTen (T obj)
{
    T newObj(5);
    newObj.set( obj.get() +10 );
    return newObj;
}

int main ()
{
    T a, b(4);
    a = b;
    a = PlusTen(b);

    cout << n;
    return 0;
}

它的工作正常,但是当我删除过载分配运算符的“返回类型”和“参数”中的const限定符时,如下所示:
T& operator= (T& obj) // const removed
{
    if (this == &obj)
        return *this;
    num = obj.num;
    cout << n << (long)this % 0xFF << " got assigned the data of " << (long)&obj % 0xFF;
    return *this;
}

然后这行主要功能给出了错误:
a = PlusTen(b);

错误消息是:
no match for 'operator=' (operand types are 'T' and 'T')
    note:
    candidate is: T& T::operator=(T&)
    no known conversion for argument 1 from 'T' to 'T&'

如果'T'和'T'的操作数类型有问题,在它上面的那一行(a = b;)怎么会很好呢?它们也是操作数类型“T”和“T”!

我在这里找到了相关的问题,但那里没有有用的细节:
why must you provide the keyword const in operator overloads
那里的一个人说,如果我们不在operator =中使用const,我们只能将其用于non-const对象。但就我而言,双方都是非常数。那为什么会出错呢?尤其是当它上方的那一行在操作数类型上相同时,可以正常编译吗?

编译器:MinGW

最佳答案

该功能

T PlusTen (T obj)
{
    T newObj(5);
    newObj.set( obj.get() +10 );
    return newObj;
}

返回类型为T的临时对象。这个临时对象可以绑定(bind)一个常量引用。



因此,编译器会发出错误,因为赋值运算符的参数
T& operator= (T& obj)
              ^^^^^^

不是恒定引用。

无论上下文如何,返回类型中的限定符const都无关紧要。

关于c++ - 无法理解赋值运算符的重载,我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题:https://stackoverflow.com/questions/36159099/

10-11 03:59
查看更多