我正在编写一个执行以下操作的程序。我已经完成了我的代码,并且我认为这很好,但是我正在尝试做以下我不知道的事情。

1.将指向矩阵的指针传递给函数,然后让函数更改矩阵。主函数应定义数组,对其进行初始化,然后调用一个或多个函数进行操作。

2.使用字母“ A”至“ Z”,然后使用字母“ a”至“ z”。这意味着随机游走最多可达52个地方。为此,我已经有字母A到Z,但不知道如何将'a'转换为'z'

Write a program that generates a “random walk” across a 10 x 10 array. The array will contain character (all ‘.’ Initially). The program must randomly “walk” from element to element, always going up, down, left, or right by one element. Z, in the order visited. Here’s an example of the desired output:
A . . . . . . . . .
B C D . . . . . . .
. F E . . . . . . .
H G . . . . . . . .
I . . . . . . . . .
J . . . . . . . . .
K . . R S T U V Y .
L M P Q . . . W X .
. N O . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . .

#include<stdio.h>
#include<math.h>
#include <stdlib.h>


int main ()
{


    void printarray(char array[12][12], int x, int y); /*Function prototype*/



        int i = 0, roll = 0, row = 0, col = 0, rowcheck = 0, colcheck = 0; /*i = number of moves. roll = value generated by the random number generator. r = row location. col = column location. rowcheck and colcheck are the incremented and decremented values of row and col respectively, used to check whether a legal move can be performed*/
        char position[12][12], chtr = 'A'; /*position[12][12] = Grid for the walking. chtr = the letters of the Alphabet.*/

        for (row = 0; row < 12; row++) /*Fills the 12 x 12 array with the "." character*/
        {
            for (col = 0; col < 12; col++)
            {
                position[row][col] = '.';
            }
        }

        srand(5000); /*Seeds the random number function*/

        for (i = 0, row = 0, col = 0, rowcheck = 0, colcheck = 0; i < 25;)
        {
            rowcheck = row;
            colcheck = col;
            roll = rand() % 4;
            switch (roll) /*Determines what direction to move starting from the top left corner of the grid (bird's eye view)*/
            {
                case 0: /*Move up*/
                {
                    rowcheck--;
                }
                case 1: /*Move left*/
                {
                    colcheck--;
                }
                case 2: /*Move down*/
                {
                    rowcheck++;
                }
                case 3: /*Move right*/
                {
                    colcheck++;
                }
            }
            if ((rowcheck < 0 || rowcheck > 9) || (colcheck < 0 || colcheck > 9) || (position[rowcheck][colcheck] != '.'))
            {
                continue;
            }
            else
            {
                row = rowcheck;
                col = colcheck;
                position[row][col] = chtr;
                chtr++;
                printarray(position, row, col);
                i++;
            }
        }

        exit (0);
    }

    /*Function declaration*/
    void printarray(char array[12][12], int x, int y){

        printf("CURRENT POSITION %d %d\n", x, y);
        for (x = 0; x < 12; x++) /*Prints out the values of the array*/
        {
            for (y = 0; y < 12; y++)
            {
                printf("%c", array[x][y]);
            }
            printf("\n");
        }
        printf("\n");





    }

最佳答案

好的,您的问题是纯逻辑问题。您遇到的主要问题是:

if ((rowcheck < 0 || rowcheck > 9) ||
    (colcheck < 0 || colcheck > 9) ||
    (position[rowcheck][colcheck] != '.'))


每当rowcheckcolcheck小于0或大于11时,这将调用未定义的行为。 (您可以设置position[rowcheck][colcheck]而不管其值是什么,都可以轻松地将其设置为position的限制之外)

您剩下的问题是在rowcheck语句本身中无法控制colcheckswitch值的类似失败。您需要在增加或减少值之前测试这些值-迫使这些值保持在限制范围内,例如:

    switch (roll) {
    case 0:                /*Move up */
        if (rowcheck > 0)
            rowcheck--;
        break;
    ...


我不确定您要完成的工作,但以下内容将清除您似乎在寻找的代码(尽管我不确定它会在整个预期范围内迭代或递增)在编写代码时也不需要math.h,并且我在string.h中包含了memset,从而消除了'.'初始化循环。

如果使用除srand (5000);以外的其他内容,您还将获得更好的随机分布。一个简单的选择是包含time.h并使用srand (time (NULL));

最后,请避免在代码中使用幻数(例如129)。如果需要常量#define或使用enum设置全局常量(如下所示):

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <time.h>

enum { MAXC = 9, DIM = 12 };

void printarray (char array[DIM][DIM], int x, int y);   /*Function prototype */

int main (void) {

    int i = 0, roll = 0, row = 0, col = 0, rowcheck = 0, colcheck = 0;
    char position[DIM][DIM], chtr = 'A';

    /*Fills the DIM x DIM array with the '.' character */
    memset (position, '.', sizeof position);

    srand (time (NULL));       /* Seeds the random number function */

    for (i = 0, row = 0, col = 0, rowcheck = 0, colcheck = 0; i < 25; i++) {
        rowcheck = row;
        colcheck = col;
        roll = rand () % 4;

        switch (roll) {
        case 0:                /*Move up */
            if (rowcheck > 0)
                rowcheck--;
            break;
        case 1:                /*Move left */
            if (colcheck > 0)
                colcheck--;
            break;
        case 2:                /*Move down */
            if (rowcheck < DIM - 2)
                rowcheck++;
            break;
        case 3:                /*Move right */
            if (colcheck < DIM - 2)
                colcheck++;
            break;
        }

        if (rowcheck > MAXC || colcheck > MAXC ||
            position[rowcheck][colcheck] != '.')
            continue;

        row = rowcheck;
        col = colcheck;
        position[row][col] = chtr;

        if (chtr < 'Y')     /* allow lower and upper case */
            chtr++;
        else if (chtr == 'Z')
            chtr = 'a';
        else if (chtr > 'a' && chtr < 'z')
            chtr++;
        else
            chtr = 'A';

        printarray (position, row, col);
    }

    exit (0);
}

/*Function declaration */
void printarray (char array[DIM][DIM], int x, int y)
{
    printf ("CURRENT POSITION %d %d\n", x, y);
    for (x = 0; x < DIM; x++) { /*Prints out the values of the array */
        for (y = 0; y < DIM; y++) {
            printf ("%c", array[x][y]);
        }
        printf ("\n");
    }
    printf ("\n");
}


仔细检查一下,让我知道是否还有其他问题,或者是否要在打算做的事情中添加其他信息。

07-28 02:57
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