这是我的Todo应用程序的基本结构,看起来像是“main.go”;
package main
import (
"encoding/json"
"fmt"
"log"
"net/http"
"github.com/gorilla/mux"
)
// Todo Struct (Model)
type Todo struct {
Id string `json:"id"`
Task string `json:"task"`
Completed bool `json:"completed"`
}
var todos []Todo
// Get All Todos
func GetTodos(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
w.Header().Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
json.NewEncoder(w).Encode(todos)
}
func main() {
// Init Router
r := mux.NewRouter()
// Mock Data
todos = append(todos, Todo{Id: "1", Task: "FirstTask", Completed: false})
todos = append(todos, Todo{Id: "2", Task: "SecondTask", Completed: false})
fmt.Println("Go dude dude go ")
r.HandleFunc("/", func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
fmt.Fprint(w, "Hello dudes")
})
r.HandleFunc("/api/todos", GetTodos).Methods("GET")
log.Fatal(http.ListenAndServe(":8080", r))
}
这是我的“main_test.go”package main
import (
"net/http"
"net/http/httptest"
"testing"
)
func TestGetTodos(t *testing.T) {
req, err := http.NewRequest("GET", "/api/todos", nil)
if err != nil {
t.Fatal(err)
}
rr := httptest.NewRecorder()
handler := http.HandlerFunc(GetTodos)
handler.ServeHTTP(rr, req)
if status := rr.Code; status != http.StatusOK {
t.Errorf("handler returned wrong status code: got %v want %v",
status, http.StatusOK)
}
// Check the response body is what we expect.
expected := `[{Id: "1", Task: "FirstTask", Completed: false},{Id: "2", Task: "SecondTask", Completed: false}]`
if rr.Body.String() != expected {
t.Errorf("handler returned unexpected body: got %v want %v",
rr.Body.String(), expected)
}
}
问题出在这里,我不断收到以下错误;--- FAIL: TestGetTodos (0.00s)
main_test.go:25: handler returned unexpected body: got null
want [{Id: "1", Task: "FirstTask", Completed: false},{Id: "2", Task: "SecondTask", Completed: false}]
FAIL
exit status 1
FAIL ..filesPath/backend 0.213s
我肯定错过了这么简单,但无法弄清楚。 最佳答案
在运行测试运行时,永远不会调用main,因此todos
为空。
var todos []Todo
这就是rr.Body.String()
返回null的原因如果将模拟数据生成代码移动到正在测试的
GetTodos
函数中var todos []Todo
// Get All Todos
func GetTodos(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
w.Header().Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
var mockTodos []Todo
mockTodos = append(mockTodos, Todo{Id: "1", Task: "FirstTask", Completed: false})
mockTodos = append(mockTodos, Todo{Id: "2", Task: "SecondTask", Completed: false})
json.NewEncoder(w).Encode(mockTodos)
}
测试仍然会失败,但是主体将不再为null而是显示=== RUN TestGetTodos
TestGetTodos: main_test.go:25: handler returned unexpected body: got [{"id":"1","task":"FirstTask","completed":false},{"id":"2","task":"SecondTask","completed":false}]
want [{Id: "1", Task: "FirstTask", Completed: false},{Id: "2", Task: "SecondTask", Completed: false}]
--- FAIL: TestGetTodos (0.00s)
FAIL
那是因为您的期望不是正确的json格式。如果您更换expected := `[{Id: "1", Task: "FirstTask", Completed: false},{Id: "2", Task: "SecondTask", Completed: false}]`
与expected := "[{\"id\":\"1\",\"task\":\"FirstTask\",\"completed\":false},{\"id\":\"2\",\"task\":\"SecondTask\",\"completed\":false}]\n"
那将帮助您通过测试。我在预期字符串的末尾添加了换行符
\n
,因为json.NewEncoder(w).Encode(todos)
在输出中添加了换行符理想情况下,您不想使用全局变量来存储状态。您将拥有另一个可以存储状态或为您检索状态的对象(可能是从DB)。在测试中,您将使用状态初始化该对象,然后检查函数是否以该状态作为输入正确执行。
以下是下一步可以做什么的简单示例。
main.go
// Todo Struct (Model)
type Todo struct {
Id string `json:"id"`
Task string `json:"task"`
Completed bool `json:"completed"`
}
type App struct {
todos []Todo
}
// Get All Todos
func (a *App) GetTodos(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
w.Header().Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
json.NewEncoder(w).Encode(a.todos)
}
func main() {
// Init Router
r := mux.NewRouter()
// Mock Data
app := App{todos: []Todo{
{Id: "1", Task: "FirstTask", Completed: false},
{Id: "2", Task: "SecondTask", Completed: false},
}}
fmt.Println("Go dude dude go ")
r.HandleFunc("/", func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
fmt.Fprint(w, "Hello dudes")
})
r.HandleFunc("/api/todos", app.GetTodos).Methods("GET")
log.Fatal(http.ListenAndServe(":8080", r))
}
main_test.go
func TestGetTodos(t *testing.T) {
req, err := http.NewRequest("GET", "/api/todos", nil)
if err != nil {
t.Fatal(err)
}
// Mock Data
app := App{todos: []Todo{
{Id: "1", Task: "FirstTask", Completed: false},
{Id: "2", Task: "SecondTask", Completed: false},
}}
rr := httptest.NewRecorder()
handler := http.HandlerFunc(app.GetTodos)
handler.ServeHTTP(rr, req)
if status := rr.Code; status != http.StatusOK {
t.Errorf("handler returned wrong status code: got %v want %v",
status, http.StatusOK)
}
// Check the response body is what we expect.
expected := "[{\"id\":\"1\",\"task\":\"FirstTask\",\"completed\":false},{\"id\":\"2\",\"task\":\"SecondTask\",\"completed\":false}]\n"
str := rr.Body.String()
if diff := cmp.Diff(expected , str); diff != "" {
t.Errorf("%s: mismatch (-want +got):\n%s", "", diff)
}
if str != expected {
t.Errorf("handler returned unexpected body: got %v want %v",
rr.Body.String(), expected)
}
}