编辑：我做了一个short question，因为我认为这太长了，抱歉
首先，我是数据库，编程语言等的新手。很抱歉，如果这个问题不是那么恰当或具体，请给予任何帮助或指导。
我正在使用的上下文如下：我正在通过其API查询现有数据库，以便检索某些信息来设计自己的数据库。
例如，创建此数据库的目的是让用户引入一个基因，以了解该基因在生物体中的上方（向上）或下方（向下）表达的位置，以及在哪种实验中看到了这种类型的表达。
就目前而言，我正在做的只是查询现有数据库并解析json结果，以获取每个生物体部分，所有表达过高或表达不足的基因（对于每个基因，我也获得了其中该类型的表达已被报告）
（在大脑中）
基因1
Experiment1 UP
Experiment2 UP
Experiment3 UP
Experiment4 DOWN
基因2
Experiment5 DOWN
Experiment2 DOWN
Experiment3 DOWN
Experiment8 UP
Experiment9 DOWN
我认为我需要的不同表格是：“基因”，“器官”，“实验”和“表达类型”（以及“ genes2experiments2organs”）
考虑到一个基因可以在不止一个生物体中表达，并且可以具有与一个以上实验相关的不同类型的表达，并且一个实验可以包含一个以上基因（许多关系）
我首先想知道的是如何添加关系数据，并知道我的尝试是朝正确的方向还是应该更改数据库的架构/想法...
我的第一次尝试是：
###########################################
DATABASE DEFINITION
###########################################
from sqlalchemy import create_engine, Column, Integer, String, Date, ForeignKey, Table, Float
from sqlalchemy.orm import sessionmaker, relationship, backref
from sqlalchemy.ext.declarative import declarative_base
import requests
Base = declarative_base()
Genes2experiments2organs = Table('genes2experiments2organs',Base.metadata,
Column('gene_id', String, ForeignKey('genes.id')),
Column('experiment_id', String, ForeignKey('experiments.id')),
Column('organ_id', String, ForeignKey('organs.id'))
)
class Genes(Base):
__tablename__ = 'genes'
id = Column(String(45), primary_key=True)
def __init__(self, id=""):
self.id= id
def __repr__(self):
return "<genes(id:'%s')>" % (self.id)
class Experiments(Base):
__tablename__ = 'experiments'
id = Column(String(45), primary_key=True)
experiments = relationship("Experiments", secondary=Genes2experiments2organs, backref="genes")
organs = relationship("Organs", secondary=Genes2experiments2organs, backref="genes")
def __init__(self, id=""):
self.id= id
def __repr__(self):
return "<experiments(id:'%s')>" % (self.id)
class Organs(Base):
__tablename__ = 'organs'
id = Column(String(45), primary_key=True)
def __init__(self, id=""):
self.id= id
def __repr__(self):
return "<organs(id:'%s')>" % (self.id)
class Expression_type(Base):
__tablename__ = 'expression_type'
id = Column(String(45), primary_key=True)
def __init__(self, id=""):
self.id= id
def __repr__(self):
return "<expression_type(id:'%s')>" % (self.id)
#####################################################
INSERTING DATA
#####################################################
def setUp():
global Session
engine=create_engine('mysql://root:password@localhost/db_name?charset=utf8', pool_recycle=3600,echo=False)
Session=sessionmaker(bind=engine)
def add_data(): ## I am just adding genes without taking into account the other related data to these genes.....
session=Session()
for i in range(0,1000,200):
request= requests.get('http://www.ebi.ac.uk/gxa/api/v1',params={"updownInOrganism_part":"brain","rows":200,"start":i})
result = request.json
for item in result['results']:
gene_to_add = item['gene']['ensemblGeneId']
session.commit()
session.close()
setUp()
add_data()
session=Session()
genes=session.query(Genes).all()
print "List of genes introduced:"
for gene in genes:
print gene.id
session.close()
因此，使用此代码，我仅填充了“ genes”表，但没有考虑与其他数据之间存在的关系，因此我将不得不将其包括在数据库中……添加相关数据的过程是什么？还有一种避免例如在通过API查询填充表时插入重复基因的方法？
顺便说一句，正如您所看到的，我并没有在“ genes”表中放置所有许多关系（次要关系），因为我不确定我是对还是完全错了……谢谢
最佳答案
这应该做您想要的...
from sqlalchemy import (Column, create_engine, Integer, ForeignKey, Unicode,
Enum)
from sqlalchemy.ext.declarative import declarative_base
from sqlalchemy.orm import sessionmaker, relationship
Base = declarative_base()
class Gene(Base):
__tablename__ = 'gene'
id = Column(Integer, primary_key=True)
name = Column(Unicode(64), unique=True)
def __init__(self, name):
self.name = name
class Experiment(Base):
__tablename__ = 'experiment'
id = Column(Integer, primary_key=True)
class Organ(Base):
__tablename__ = 'organ'
id = Column(Integer, primary_key=True)
name = Column(Unicode(64), unique=True)
def __init__(self, name):
self.name = name
class Measurement(Base):
__tablename__ = 'measurement'
id = Column(Integer, primary_key=True)
experiment_id = Column(Integer, ForeignKey(Experiment.id))
gene_id = Column(Integer, ForeignKey(Gene.id))
organ_id = Column(Integer, ForeignKey(Organ.id))
# Add your measured values here
expression = Column(Enum('UP', 'DOWN'))
# ...
experiment = relationship(Experiment, backref='measurements')
gene = relationship(Gene, backref='measurements')
organ = relationship(Organ, backref='measurements')
def __repr__(self):
return 'Experiment %d: %s, %s, %s' % (self.experiment.id,
self.gene.name, self.organ.name, self.expression)
if __name__ == '__main__':
engine = create_engine('sqlite://')
session = sessionmaker(engine)()
Base.metadata.create_all(engine)
#
# Creating the data
#
x = Gene('Gene X')
y = Gene('Gene Y')
z = Gene('Gene Z')
heart = Organ('Heart')
lungs = Organ('Lungs')
brain = Organ('Brain')
session.add_all([x, y, z, heart, lungs, brain])
session.commit()
experiment_1 = Experiment()
experiment_1.measurements.extend(
[Measurement(gene_id=x.id, organ_id=heart.id, expression='UP'),
Measurement(gene_id=x.id, organ_id=lungs.id, expression='UP'),
Measurement(gene_id=x.id, organ_id=brain.id, expression='DOWN'),
Measurement(gene_id=y.id, organ_id=brain.id, expression='UP'),
Measurement(gene_id=z.id, organ_id=brain.id, expression='DOWN')])
experiment_2 = Experiment()
experiment_2.measurements.extend(
[Measurement(gene_id=y.id, organ_id=lungs.id, expression='UP'),
Measurement(gene_id=y.id, organ_id=lungs.id, expression='UP'),
Measurement(gene_id=y.id, organ_id=brain.id, expression='UP'),
Measurement(gene_id=x.id, organ_id=brain.id, expression='UP'),
Measurement(gene_id=z.id, organ_id=heart.id, expression='UP')])
session.add_all([experiment_1, experiment_2])
session.commit()
#
# Querying the data
#
print('All measurements in the first experiment')
experiment = session.query(Experiment).filter(Experiment.id == 1).one()
for measurement in experiment.measurements:
print(measurement)
print('')
print('All measurements of Gene X')
gene_x = session.query(Gene).filter(Gene.name == 'Gene X').one()
for measurement in gene_x.measurements:
print(measurement)
print('')
print('All measurements of the brain')
the_brain = session.query(Organ).filter(Organ.name == 'Brain').one()
for measurement in the_brain.measurements:
print(measurement)
print('')
关于python - 如何通过Python中的API查询在SQL Alchemy中插入关系数据(很多)，我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/15899565/