是否有一些 Haskell 扩展可以创建比 GADT 更复杂的数据构造函数?
假设我想创建一个有序列表的数据结构,并有一个类似于 (:)
的数据构造函数,用于处理列表,具有类型签名:
data MyOrdList a where
(>>>) :: (Ord a) -> a -> MyOrdList a -> MyOrdList a
但我希望
(>>>)
具有特定的行为,如下所示:(>>>) :: (Ord a) => a -> [a] -> [a]
x >>> [] = [x]
x >>> xs = low ++ [x] ++ high
where low = filter (<x) xs
high = filter (>x) xs
所以结构将始终是有序结构。 (我现在不知道这是不是一个好的做法,我只是提供了我想要的行为类型的最简单的例子)。
当然,我可以使用函数
(>>>)
,但是我将没有模式匹配和其他好处,我希望 >>>
是一个数据构造函数。有没有办法做这样的事情?
最佳答案
您可以使 :>>>
成为数据构造函数,但您必须隐藏它以保持不变。请注意,您可以像在 render
中那样对其进行模式匹配:
module MyOrdList (mkMyOrdList,MyOrdList,render) where
import Data.List
import qualified Data.ByteString as BS
data MyOrdList a
= EmptyDataList
| (:>>>) a (MyOrdList a)
deriving (Show)
mkMyOrdList [] = EmptyDataList
mkMyOrdList xs = y :>>> mkMyOrdList ys
where y = minimum xs
ys = delete y xs
render :: (Show a) => MyOrdList a -> String
render EmptyDataList = "<empty>"
render (x :>>> xs) = (show x) ++ " -> " ++ render xs
然后你可以像这样使用
MyOrdList
模块module Main where
import Control.Applicative
import System.IO
import qualified Data.ByteString as BS
import MyOrdList
main = do
h <- openBinaryFile "/dev/urandom" ReadMode
cs <- readBytes 10 h
-- but you cannot write...
-- let bad = 3 :>>> 2 :>>> 1 :>>> EmptyOrdList
putStrLn (render $ mkMyOrdList cs)
where
readBytes 0 _ = return []
readBytes n h = do c <- BS.head <$> BS.hGet h 1
cs <- readBytes (n-1) h
return (c:cs)
示例输出:
54 -> 57 -> 64 -> 98 -> 131 -> 146 -> 147 -> 148 -> 190 -> 250 ->