1. 基本应用
下面以“键-值”都是QString的例子说明QMap的基本使用方法。更详细的说明,请查看《Qt帮助手册》或其他资源。
- #include
- #include
- using namespace std;
- class MapTest
- {
- public:
- void showMap()
- {
- if(!m_map.isEmpty()) return; //判断map是否为空
- m_map.insert("111", "aaa"); //向map里添加一对“键-值”
- if(!m_map.contains("222")) //判断map里是否已经包含某“键-值”
- m_map.insert("222", "bbb");
- m_map["333"] = "ccc"; //另一种添加的方式
- qDebug("map[333] , value is : " + m_map["333"]); //这种方式既可以用于添加,也可以用于获取,但是你必须知道它确实存在
- if(m_map.contains("111")){
- QMap::iterator it = m_map.find("111"); //找到特定的“键-值”对
- qDebug("find 111 , value is : " + it.data()); //获取map里对应的值
- }
- cout<
- qDebug("size of this map is : %d", m_map.count()); //获取map包含的总数
- cout<
- QMap::iterator it; //遍历map
- for ( it = m_map.begin(); it != m_map.end(); ++it ) {
- qDebug( "%s: %s", it.key().ascii(), it.data().ascii()); //用key()和data()分别获取“键”和“值”
- }
- m_map.clear(); //清空map
- }
- private:
- QMap m_map; //定义一个QMap对象
- };
#include #include using namespace std; class MapTest { public: void showMap() { if(!m_map.isEmpty()) return; //判断map是否为空 m_map.insert("111", "aaa"); //向map里添加一对“键-值” if(!m_map.contains("222")) //判断map里是否已经包含某“键-值” m_map.insert("222", "bbb"); m_map["333"] = "ccc"; //另一种添加的方式 qDebug("map[333] , value is : " + m_map["333"]); //这种方式既可以用于添加,也可以用于获取,但是你必须知道它确实存在 if(m_map.contains("111")){ QMap::iterator it = m_map.find("111"); //找到特定的“键-值”对 qDebug("find 111 , value is : " + it.data()); //获取map里对应的值 } cout<< endl; qDebug("size of this map is : %d", m_map.count()); //获取map包含的总数 cout<< endl; QMap::iterator it; //遍历map for ( it = m_map.begin(); it != m_map.end(); ++it ) { qDebug( "%s: %s", it.key().ascii(), it.data().ascii()); //用key()和data()分别获取“键”和“值” } m_map.clear(); //清空map } private: QMap m_map; //定义一个QMap对象 };调用类函数showMap(),显示结果:
- map[333] , value is : ccc
- find 111 , value is : aaa
- size of this map is : 3
- 111: aaa
- 222: bbb
- 333: ccc
map[333] , value is : ccc find 111 , value is : aaa size of this map is : 3 111: aaa 222: bbb 333: ccc
2. 对象的使用
map当中还可以保存类对象、自己定义类对象,例子如下(摘自QT帮助文档《Qt Assistant》,更详细的说明参考之):
以注释形式说明
- #include
- #include
- #include
- //自定义一个Employee类,包含fn、sn、sal属性
- class Employee
- {
- public:
- Employee(): sn(0) {}
- Employee( const QString& forename, const QString& surname, int salary )
- : fn(forename), sn(surname), sal(salary)
- { }
- QString forename() const { return fn; }
- QString surname() const { return sn; }
- int salary() const { return sal; }
- void setSalary( int salary ) { sal = salary; }
- private:
- QString fn;
- QString sn;
- int sal;
- };
- int main(int argc, char **argv)
- {
- QApplication app( argc, argv );
- typedef QMap EmployeeMap; //自定义一个map类型,值为EmployeeMap对象
- EmployeeMap map;
- map["JD001"] = Employee("John", "Doe", 50000); //向map里插入键-值
- map["JW002"] = Employee("Jane", "Williams", 80000);
- map["TJ001"] = Employee("Tom", "Jones", 60000);
- Employee sasha( "Sasha", "Hind", 50000 );
- map["SH001"] = sasha;
- sasha.setSalary( 40000 ); //修改map值的内容,因为map采用值传递,所以无效
- //批量打印
- EmployeeMap::Iterator it;
- for ( it = map.begin(); it != map.end(); ++it ) {
- printf( "%s: %s, %s earns %d\n",
- it.key().latin1(),
- it.data().surname().latin1(),
- it.data().forename().latin1(),
- it.data().salary() );
- }
- return 0;
- }
#include #include #include //自定义一个Employee类,包含fn、sn、sal属性 class Employee { public: Employee(): sn(0) {} Employee( const QString& forename, const QString& surname, int salary ) : fn(forename), sn(surname), sal(salary) { } QString forename() const { return fn; } QString surname() const { return sn; } int salary() const { return sal; } void setSalary( int salary ) { sal = salary; } private: QString fn; QString sn; int sal; }; int main(int argc, char **argv) { QApplication app( argc, argv ); typedef QMap EmployeeMap; //自定义一个map类型,值为EmployeeMap对象 EmployeeMap map; map["JD001"] = Employee("John", "Doe", 50000); //向map里插入键-值 map["JW002"] = Employee("Jane", "Williams", 80000); map["TJ001"] = Employee("Tom", "Jones", 60000); Employee sasha( "Sasha", "Hind", 50000 ); map["SH001"] = sasha; sasha.setSalary( 40000 ); //修改map值的内容,因为map采用值传递,所以无效 //批量打印 EmployeeMap::Iterator it; for ( it = map.begin(); it != map.end(); ++it ) { printf( "%s: %s, %s earns %d\n", it.key().latin1(), it.data().surname().latin1(), it.data().forename().latin1(), it.data().salary() ); } return 0; }
JD001: Doe, John earns 50000
JW002: Williams, Jane earns 80000
SH001: Hind, Sasha earns 50000
TJ001: Jones, Tom earns 60000