linux下和云端通讯的例程, ubuntu和openwrt实验成功(一)

前言: 为了防止再次被管理员误当成广告而被删除, 特以2个目前比较著名的网站举例

以下代码都已实验成功, 具体结果可在相关网站查看
http://www.yeelink.net/devices/4420
http://www.lewei50.com/u/g/2375

一.  HTTP请求的数据流总结
#上传数据, yeelink的数据流如下
POST /v1.0/device/4420/sensor/9089/datapoints HTTP/1.1
Host: api.yeelink.net
U-ApiKey: 729d1ba15b26b6a48f4807ef3f2f4df4
Content-Length: 49
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded
Connection: Close

{"timestamp":"2013-07-23T06:04:15","value":21.9}


#上传数据, lewer50的数据流如下
POST /api/V1/gateway/UpdateSensors/01 HTTP/1.1
Host: www.lewei50.com
userkey: 36be8ff22f794f1e8a0bee3336eef237
Content-Length: 31
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded
Connection: Close

[{"Name":"T1","Value":"24.02"}]


三. 代码如下, 公用的 http_clound.h

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1. /*----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
   
2. 云端查询: http://www.yeelink.net/devices/4420, http://www.lewei50.com/u/g/2375
   
3. 
   
4. #调用例程
   
5. float current_temp = 24.02;
   
6. yeelink_create_data(YEELINK_DEVICE_ID, YEELINK_SENSOR_ID, current_temp);
   
7. lewei50_create_data(LEWEI50_DEVICE_ID, current_temp);
   
8. 
   
9. linux下三种方法和云端通讯:
   
10. 1. 纯利用linux的网络函数
    
11. 2. 利用libcurl的发送和接收函数
    
12. 3. 利用libcurl的回调机制
    
13. 
    
14. #上传数据, yeelink的字符流如下
    
15. POST /v1.0/device/4420/sensor/9089/datapoints HTTP/1.1
    
16. Host: api.yeelink.net
    
17. U-ApiKey: 729d1ba15b26b6a48f4807ef3f2f4df4
    
18. Content-Length: 49
    
19. Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded
    
20. Connection: Close
    
21. 
    
22. {"timestamp":"2013-07-23T06:04:15","value":21.9}
    
23. 
    
24. #上传数据, lewer50的字符流如下
    
25. POST /api/V1/gateway/UpdateSensors/01 HTTP/1.1
    
26. Host: www.lewei50.com
    
27. userkey: 36be8ff22f794f1e8a0bee3336eef237
    
28. Content-Length: 31
    
29. Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded
    
30. Connection: Close
    
31. 
    
32. [{"Name":"T1","Value":"24.02"}]
    
33. 
    
34. lewei50 ret = {"Successful":true,"Message":"Warning: T1\u0027s frequency limit is 10s; "}
    
35. 
    
36. V1.0 2013-11-5 初步实现了上面三种方法的Demo.
    
37.     错误: bfe06000-bfe1b000 rw-p 00000000 00:00 0 [stack], 修改: char pc_ret[200] -> char pc_ret[500]
    
38. 
    
39. -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
    
40. 
    
41. #ifndef HTTP_CLOUD_H
    
42. #define HTTP_CLOUD_H
    
43. 
    
44. //有replace的地方换成自己的参数
    
45. #define YEELINK (1)    //www.yeelink.net
    
46. #define LEWEI50 (1)    //www.lewei50.com
    
47. 
    
48. #if (YEELINK == 1)
    
49.     #define YEELINK_URL            "http://api.yeelink.net"
    
50.     #define YEELINK_HOST        "api.yeelink.net"        //网址, 由此获得公网IP
    
51.     #define YEELINK_PORT        80
    
52.     #define YEELINK_API_KEY "729d1ba15b26b6a48f4807ef3f2f4df4" //replace your yeelink api key here.
    
53.     #define YEELINK_DEVICE_ID                4420 //replace your device ID
    
54.     #define YEELINK_SENSOR_ID                9089 //replace your sensor ID
    
55. #endif
    
56. 
    
57. #if (LEWEI50 == 1)
    
58.     #define LEWEI50_GATEWAY     01        //网关号
    
59.     #define LEWEI50_URL             "http://www.lewei50.com/api/V1/gateway/UpdateSensors/01"
    
60.     #define LEWEI50_HOST            "www.lewei50.com"        //网址, 由此获得公网IP
    
61.     #define LEWEI50_PORT            80
    
62.     #define LEWEI50_HOST_FILE    "api/V1/gateway/UpdateSensors/01"
    
63.     #define LEWEI50_USER_KEY     "36be8ff22f794f1e8a0bee3336eef237"    //replace your lewei50 key here.
    
64.     #define LEWEI50_DEVICE_ID "T1"                                                                //replace your device ID
    
65. #endif
    
66. 
    
67. #define DATA_CREATE     (0)    //创建数据点
    
68. #define DATA_MODIFY     (1)    //修改数据点
    
69. #define DATA_QUERY         (2)    //查询数据点
    
70. 
    
71. #define HTTP_GET "GET"
    
72. #define HTTP_PUT "PUT"
    
73. #define HTTP_HEAD "HEAD"
    
74. #define HTTP_POST "POST"
    
75. #define HTTP_DELETE "DELETE"
    
76. 
    
77. #define MAX_SEND_BUFFER_SIZE            (2 * 1024 * 1024)
    
78. #define MAX_RECV_BUFFER_SIZE            (2 * 1024 * 1024)
    
79. #define MAX_HEADER_BUFFER_SIZE        (128 * 1024)
    
80. 
    
81. //http请求与接受的buffer总体结构
    
82. 
    
83. //param_buffer_t中buffer的内容
    
84. typedef struct {
    
85.     char *ptr; /**< 缓冲区首指针 */
    
86.     FILE *fp; /**< 文件指针 */
    
87.     unsigned int left; /** 缓冲区剩余大小 */
    
88.     unsigned int allocated; /** 缓冲区总大小 */
    
89.     unsigned short code; /**返回码 */
    
90. } param_buffer_t;
    
91. 
    
92. typedef struct {
    
93.     param_buffer_t *send_buffer; /**< send buffer */
    
94.     param_buffer_t *recv_buffer; /**< receive buffer */
    
95.     param_buffer_t *header_buffer; /**< header buffer */
    
96. } curl_request_param_t;
    
97. 
    
98. extern int yeelink_create_data(const int device_id, const int sensor_id, const float device_value);
    
99. extern int lewei50_create_data(const char *device_id, const float device_value);
    
100. 
     
101. #endif

纯利用linux的网络函数实现的代码如下

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1. /*----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
   
2. 直接利用linux的内部函数实现云端通讯, 另外可以利用libcurl的API.
   
3. -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
   
4. #include <stdio.h>
   
5. #include <stdlib.h>
   
6. #include <string.h>
   
7. #include <sys/types.h>
   
8. #include <sys/socket.h>
   
9. #include <errno.h>
   
10. #include <unistd.h>
    
11. #include <netinet/in.h>
    
12. #include <limits.h>
    
13. #include <netdb.h>
    
14. #include <arpa/inet.h>
    
15. #include <ctype.h>
    
16. #include <time.h>
    
17. #include <assert.h>
    
18. 
    
19. #include "../http_cloud.h"
    
20. 
    
21. #define DBG printf
    
22. 
    
23. //-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    
24. static void get_local_time(char *pc_str)
    
25. {
    
26.     time_t now;
    
27.     struct tm *timenow;
    
28. 
    
29.     assert(pc_str != NULL);
    
30.     time(&now);
    
31.     timenow = localtime(&now);
    
32.     sprintf(pc_str, "%04d-%02d-%02dT%02d:%02d:%02d", timenow->tm_year+1900, timenow->tm_mon+1, timenow->tm_mday,
    
33.                     timenow->tm_hour, timenow->tm_min, timenow->tm_sec);
    
34. }
    
35. 
    
36. //连接云端: host_addr:网址(如api.yeelink.net), portno:端口号(一般为80), request: 完整的请求
    
37. //返回参数: \r\n\r\n之后的数据, 一般为有效数据, 如{"Successful":true,"Message":"Successful. "}
    
38. static char connect_cloud(char *pc_ret, const char *host_addr, const int portno, const char *request)
    
39. {
    
40.     int sockfd = 0;
    
41.     char buffer[1024] = "";
    
42.     struct sockaddr_in server_addr;
    
43.     struct hostent *host;
    
44.     //int portno = 80;    //默认端口
    
45.     int nbytes = 0;
    
46.     //char host_addr[256] = "";
    
47.     //char host_file[1024] = "";
    
48.     char pc_tmp[1024] = "";
    
49.     int send = 0, totalsend = 0;
    
50.     int i = 0, iLen = 0, iRet = 0, iPos = 0, mark_num;
    
51. 
    
52.     assert((pc_ret != NULL) && (host_addr != NULL) && (request != NULL));
    
53. 
    
54.     //由host_addr取得主机IP地址
    
55.   if((host = gethostbyname(host_addr)) == NULL) {
    
56.       fprintf(stderr, "Gethostname error, %s\n ", strerror(errno));
    
57.       exit(1);
    
58.   }
    
59. 
    
60.   //客户程序开始建立sockfd描述符,建立SOCKET连接
    
61.   if((sockfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0)) == -1) {
    
62.       fprintf(stderr, "Socket Error:%s\a\n ",strerror(errno));
    
63.       exit(1);
    
64.   }
    
65. 
    
66.   //客户程序填充服务端的资料
    
67.   bzero(&server_addr, sizeof(server_addr));
    
68.   server_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
    
69.   server_addr.sin_port = htons(portno);
    
70.   server_addr.sin_addr = *((struct in_addr*)host->h_addr);
    
71.   //DBG("server_addr.sin_addr = %08X\n", server_addr.sin_addr);    //server_addr.sin_addr = CB3888CA
    
72. 
    
73.   //客户程序发起连接请求, 连接网站
    
74.   if(connect(sockfd, (struct sockaddr*)(&server_addr), sizeof(struct sockaddr)) == -1) {
    
75.       fprintf(stderr, "Connect Error:%s\a\n ",strerror(errno));
    
76.       exit(1);
    
77.   }
    
78. 
    
79.   //发送http请求request
    
80.   send = 0;
    
81.     totalsend = 0;
    
82.   nbytes = strlen(request);
    
83.   while(totalsend < nbytes)
    
84.   {
    
85.     send = write(sockfd, request+totalsend, nbytes-totalsend);
    
86.     if(send == -1) {
    
87.             DBG( "send error!%s\n ", strerror(errno));
    
88.             exit(0);
    
89.         }
    
90.     totalsend += send;
    
91.     //DBG("%d bytes send OK!\n ", totalsend);
    
92.   }
    
93. 
    
94.   //DBG( "\nThe following is the response header:\n");
    
95.   i = 0;
    
96.   mark_num = 4;        //正常=4,
    
97.   //连接成功了,接收http响应
    
98.   while((nbytes = read(sockfd, buffer, 1)) == 1)
    
99.   {
    
100.     //DBG("%c", buffer[0]);
     
101.     if(i < mark_num) {
     
102.         if(buffer[0] == '\r' || buffer[0] == '\n') {
     
103.                 i++;
     
104.                 //DBG("i = %d, ", i);
     
105. 
     
106.                 if (iRet == 0) {
     
107.                     pc_tmp[iPos] = '\0';
     
108.                     if (!strcmp(pc_tmp, "HTTP/1.1 200 OK")) {
     
109.                         iRet = 1;
     
110.                     }
     
111.                 }
     
112.             }
     
113.       else {
     
114.                 i = 0;    //新行重新计数
     
115.                 pc_tmp[iPos++] = buffer[0];
     
116.             }
     
117.     }
     
118.     else {
     
119.         pc_ret[iLen++] = buffer[0];    //获取有效数据
     
120.     }
     
121.   }
     
122.   close(sockfd);
     
123. 
     
124.   pc_ret[iLen] = '\0';
     
125.   DBG("\nret(%d): %s\n", iLen, pc_ret);
     
126.   return(iRet);
     
127. }
     
128. 
     
129. #if (YEELINK == 1)
     
130. int yeelink_create_data(const int device_id, const int sensor_id, const float device_value)
     
131. {
     
132.     char pc_ret[200], request[1024], pc_json[100], pc_time[30], pc_host_file[100], pc_header[100], ret;
     
133.     int len;
     
134. 
     
135.     sprintf(pc_host_file, "v1.0/device/%d/sensor/%d/datapoints", device_id, sensor_id);
     
136.     sprintf(pc_header, "U-ApiKey: %s", YEELINK_API_KEY);
     
137. 
     
138.     get_local_time(pc_time);
     
139.     sprintf(pc_json, "{\"timestamp\":\"%s\",\"value\":%.2f}", pc_time, device_value);
     
140.     len = strlen(pc_json);
     
141. 
     
142.     sprintf(request, "POST /%s HTTP/1.1\r\nHost: %s\r\nAccept: */*\r\n%s\r\nContent-Length: %d\r\nContent-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded\r\nConnection: Close\r\n\r\n%s\r\n",
     
143.         pc_host_file, YEELINK_HOST, pc_header, len, pc_json);
     
144.     DBG("request = %s\n", request);
     
145. 
     
146.     ret = connect_cloud(pc_ret, YEELINK_HOST, YEELINK_PORT, request);
     
147. 
     
148.     return(ret);
     
149. }
     
150. #endif
     
151. 
     
152. #if (LEWEI50 == 1)
     
153. //curl --request POST http://www.lewei50.com/api/V1/Gateway/UpdateSensors/01 --data "[{\"Name\":\"T1\",\"Value\":\"23.08\"}]" --header "userkey:36be8ff22f794f1e8a0bee3336eef237"
     
154. int lewei50_create_data(const char *device_id, const float device_value)
     
155. {
     
156.     char pc_ret[200], request[1024], pc_json[100], pc_header[100], ret;
     
157.     int len;
     
158. 
     
159.     assert(device_id != NULL);
     
160. 
     
161.     sprintf(pc_header, "userkey: %s", LEWEI50_USER_KEY);
     
162.     sprintf(pc_json, "[{\"Name\":\"%s\",\"Value\":\"%.2f\"}]", device_id, device_value);
     
163.     len = strlen(pc_json);
     
164. 
     
165.     sprintf(request, "POST /%s HTTP/1.1\r\nHost: %s\r\nAccept: */*\r\n%s\r\nContent-Length: %d\r\nContent-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded\r\nConnection: Close\r\n\r\n%s\r\n",
     
166.         LEWEI50_HOST_FILE, LEWEI50_HOST, pc_header, len, pc_json);
     
167.     DBG("request = %s\n", request);
     
168. 
     
169.     ret = connect_cloud(pc_ret, LEWEI50_HOST, LEWEI50_PORT, request);
     
170. 
     
171.     return(ret);
     
172. }
     
173. #endif
     
174. 
     
175. //-------------------------------------------------------------------
     
176. int main(void)
     
177. {
     
178.     float f_value = 15.02;
     
179.     int i_tmp;
     
180. 
     
181.     time_t t;
     
182.   srand((unsigned)time(&t));    //初始化随机种子, 否则随机数不随机
     
183. 
     
184.     i_tmp = rand();
     
185.     i_tmp -= (i_tmp >> 4 << 4);
     
186.   f_value += i_tmp;
     
187. 
     
188. #if (YEELINK == 1)
     
189.     yeelink_create_data(YEELINK_DEVICE_ID, YEELINK_SENSOR_ID, f_value);
     
190. #endif
     
191. 
     
192. #if (LEWEI50 == 1)
     
193.     lewei50_create_data(LEWEI50_DEVICE_ID, f_value);
     
194. #endif
     
195. 
     
196.     return 1;
     
197. }

四. 编译, Makefile如下,
OPENWRT = 0 时目标文件运行下ubuntu下了. 

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1. OPENWRT = 1
   
2. 
   
3. ifeq ($(OPENWRT), 1)
   
4.     CC = ~/OpenWrt-SDK-ar71xx-for-linux-i486-gcc-4.6-linaro_uClibc-0.9.33.2/staging_dir/toolchain-mips_r2_gcc-4.6-linaro_uClibc-0.9.33.2/bin/mips-openwrt-linux-gcc
   
5.     CFLAGS += -I ~/openwrt-lib/include -L ~/openwrt-lib/lib
   
6. 
   
7. else
   
8.     CC = gcc
   
9. endif
   
10. 
    
11. CFLAGS += -Wall -O2
    
12. #CFLAGS += -g
    
13. 
    
14. #可执行文件名和相关的obj文件
    
15. APP_BINARY = http_cloud
    
16. SRCS += http_cloud.c
    
17. OBJS = $(SRCS:.c=.o)
    
18. 
    
19. all: APP_FILE
    
20. 
    
21. APP_FILE: $(OBJS)
    
22.     $(CC) $(CFLAGS) $(OBJS) -o $(APP_BINARY) $(LFLAGS)
    
23. 
    
24. .PHONY: clean
    
25. clean:
    
26.     @echo "cleanning project"
    
27.     $(RM) *.a $(OBJS) *~ *.so *.lo $(APP_BINARY)
    
28.     @echo "clean completed"

编译过程:
xxg@xxg-desktop:~/1-wire/http_cloud/linux_only$ make
gcc -Wall -O2   -c -o http_cloud.o http_cloud.c
gcc -Wall -O2 http_cloud.o -o http_cloud 


运行结果:
xxg@xxg-desktop:~/1-wire/http_cloud/linux_only$ ./http_cloud
request = POST /v1.0/device/4420/sensor/9089/datapoints HTTP/1.1
Host: api.yeelink.net
Accept: */*
U-ApiKey: 729d1ba15b26b6a48f4807ef3f2f4df4
Content-Length: 49
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded
Connection: Close

{"timestamp":"2013-11-05T14:32:48","value":16.02}

ret(5): 0


request = POST /api/V1/gateway/UpdateSensors/01 HTTP/1.1
Host: www.lewei50.com
Accept: */*
userkey: 36be8ff22f794f1e8a0bee3336eef237
Content-Length: 31
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded
Connection: Close

[{"Name":"T1","Value":"16.02"}]

ret(44): {"Successful":true,"Message":"Successful. "}
xxg@xxg-desktop:~/1-wire/http_cloud/linux_only$ 

---

这个只是第一部分的实验, 后续的还有利用libcurl库的实现代码.