DRF基类APIView提供的Request、Response和序列化器的综合使用

关于DRF基类APIView提供的Request和Response对象的作用，可以看我的另一篇博文：https://www.cnblogs.com/chichung/p/9939864.html

综合使用：

from django.http import HttpResponse

from rest_framework import status

from rest_framework.response import Response

from rest_framework.views import APIView

from user.models import Department

from user.serializers import DepartmentSerializer

class DepartmentListAPIView(APIView):

    def get(self,request):

        """查询多条数据"""

        dep = Department.objects.all()

        # 创建序列化器对象

        serializer = DepartmentSerializer(instance=dep,many=True)

        # 序列化：对象->字典

        data_dict = serializer.data

        # DRF的Response对象可以把字典转换为请求头指定的格式返回

        return Response(data=data_dict)

    def post(self,request):

        """新增一条数据"""

        # DRF的Request对象直接把接受到的值转换为字典

        data_dict = request.data

        # 创建序列化器对象

        serializer = DepartmentSerializer(instance=None,data=data_dict)

        # 校验校验不通过，抛异常(反序列化的功能)

        serializer.is_valid(raise_exception=True)

        # 反序列化，把字典的数据存进数据库

        serializer.save()

        # restful风格，新增要返回新增数据的那一列内容。用了序列化，把对象转换为字典，同时Response处理。

        return Response(data=serializer.data)

class DepartmentDetailAPIView(APIView):

    def get(self,request,pk):

        """查询一条数据"""

        # 查询出该条数据的对象

        try:

            dep = Department.objects.get(id=pk)

        except Department.DoesNotExist:

            return HttpResponse(status=status.HTTP_404_NOT_FOUND)

        # 创建序列化器对象

        serializer = DepartmentSerializer(instance=dep)

        # 序列化，把对象转换为字典，同时Response根据请求头返回相应的格式

        return Response(data=serializer.data)

    def post(self,request,pk):

        """修改部门"""

        # DRF的Request对象直接把接受到的值转换为字典

        data_dict = request.data

        # 查询出要修改的数据

        try:

            dep = Department.objects.get(id=pk)

        except Department.DoesNotExist:

            return HttpResponse(status=404)

        # 创建序列化器对象

        serializer = DepartmentSerializer(instance=dep,data=data_dict)

        # 反序列化，校验参数是否正确，若不正确，抛异常

        serializer.is_valid(raise_exception=True)

        # 反序列化，把字典的数据存进数据库

        serializer.save()

        # 序列化，把对象转换为字典。同时DRF的Response对象根据请求头返回相应的格式

        return Response(serializer.data)

    def delete(self,request,pk):

        """删除一个部门"""

        try:

            dep = Department.objects.get(id=pk)

        except Department.DoesNotExist:

            return HttpResponse(status=404)

        dep.delete()

        return Response(status=status.HTTP_204_NO_CONTENT)

相应路由的配置：

urlpatterns = [

    url(r'^admin/', admin.site.urls),

    url(r'^departments$',views.DepartmentListAPIView.as_view()),

    url(r'^departments/(?P<pk>\d+)$',views.DepartmentDetailAPIView.as_view())

]