Spring 单元测试（Junit）

在Spring的框架下,单元测试方法。

1. 手动加载Spring的配置文件，并启动Spring容器
2. 使用Spring中对Junit框架的整合功能

前提：
除了Junit4和Spring的jar包，还需要spring-test.jar

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
    <version>3.1.1.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>

方法一：

1. 注解加载配置文件

private AreaService service;
protected ApplicationContext context;

@Before
public void init(){
	//context = new FileSystemXmlApplicationContext( new String[]{"classpath:applicationContext.xml" ,"classpath:mybatis-config.xml"});
	context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("spring/applicationContext.xml");
	service = (AreaService) context.getBean("areaService");
}

@Test
public void Test(){
	service.query();
}

1. 静态代码块加载配置文件

private AreaService service;

//静态代码块加载
static{
	//context = new FileSystemXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
	//context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(new String[]{"classpath:applicationContext.xml","classpath:/spring/application*.xml"});
	ClassPathXmlApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
	service = (AreaService) context.getBean("areaService");
}

//main方法执行测试
@SuppressWarnings("resource")
public static void main(String[] args) {
    try {
		service.do();
	} catch (BizException e){
		e.printStackTrace();
	}
}

1. main函数中执行spring的代码
   脱离Tomcat容器在单独的java application的main函数中初始化spring

public static void main(String[] args){
	//手动加载spring的配置文件，并启动spring容器
	/*GenericXmlApplicationContext context = new GenericXmlApplicationContext();
	context.setValidating(false);
	context.load("classpath*:applicationContext*.xml");
	context.refresh();*/

	ClassPathXmlApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
	//context.start();
	ReadDao fqa = (ReadDao) context.getBean("readDao");
	fqa.do();
}

方法二：全注解

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
//@ContextConfiguration需要配上spring的配置文件，这样就可以在测试类中使用注解简单的注入需要的bean了。简单高效。
@ContextConfiguration({"classpath:applicationContext.xml"})
public class ReadDaoImplTest{
 	@Autowired
	private AreaService areaService;
	@Resource
	private ReadDao readDao;


	@Test
	public void test(){
		areaService.query();
	}


	@Test
	public void getListTest(){
		List<Client> clientList = readDao.getList("client.test",null);
		for(Client c:clientList){
			System.out.println(c.getVersionNum());

			try {
				// 断言：判断z==6,
				assertEquals(6, z);
				//断言：判断z<3
				assertTrue(z<3);
			} catch (BizException e) {
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
		}
	}
}

解释下用到的注解:
@RunWith：用于指定junit运行环境
@ContextConfiguration:用于指定spring配置环境
@TransactionConfiguration:用于配置事务
@Transactional表示所有类下所有方法都使用事务