使用nodejs搭建简单的web服务器（html静态网站）

环境：Windows XP

步骤：
1、从官网https://nodejs.org/下载node.exe执行文件
2、使用文本编辑器编写服务器js脚本；
test.js

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1. var PORT = 8888;
   
2. 
   
3. var http = require('http');
   
4. var url=require('url');
   
5. var fs=require('fs');
   
6. var mine=require('./mine').types;
   
7. var path=require('path');
   
8. var Tools=require('./Tools');
   
9. //var tools = new Tools();
   
10. 
    
11. var server = http.createServer(function (request, response) {
    
12.     var pathname = url.parse(request.url).pathname;
    
13.     var guessPage = Tools.guessPage(fs, path, path.dirname(process.execPath), pathname);
    
14.     var realPath = guessPage.realPath;
    
15.     var ext = guessPage.ext;
    
16.         
    
17.     fs.exists(realPath, function (exists) {
    
18.         if (!exists) {
    
19.             response.writeHead(404, {
    
20.                 'Content-Type': 'text/plain'
    
21.             });
    
22. 
    
23.             response.write("This request URL " + realPath + " was not found on this server.");
    
24.             response.end();
    
25.         } else {
    
26.             fs.readFile(realPath, "binary", function (err, file) {
    
27.                 if (err) {
    
28.                     response.writeHead(500, {
    
29.                         'Content-Type': 'text/plain'
    
30.                     });
    
31.                     response.end(err);
    
32.                 } else {
    
33.                     var contentType = mine[ext] || "text/plain";
    
34.                     console.log("contentType: " + contentType);
    
35.                     response.writeHead(200, {
    
36.                         'Content-Type': contentType
    
37.                     });
    
38.                     response.write(file, "binary");
    
39.                     response.end();
    
40.                 }
    
41.             });
    
42.         }
    
43.     });
    
44. });
    
45. server.listen(PORT);
    
46. console.log("Server runing at port: " + PORT + ".");

mine.js

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1. exports.types = {
   
2.   "css": "text/css",
   
3.   "gif": "image/gif",
   
4.   "htm": "text/html",
   
5.   "html": "text/html",
   
6.   "ico": "image/x-icon",
   
7.   "jpeg": "image/jpeg",
   
8.   "jpg": "image/jpeg",
   
9.   "js": "text/javascript",
   
10.   "json": "application/json",
    
11.   "pdf": "application/pdf",
    
12.   "png": "image/png",
    
13.   "svg": "image/svg+xml",
    
14.   "swf": "application/x-shockwave-flash",
    
15.   "tiff": "image/tiff",
    
16.   "txt": "text/plain",
    
17.   "wav": "audio/x-wav",
    
18.   "wma": "audio/x-ms-wma",
    
19.   "wmv": "video/x-ms-wmv",
    
20.   "xml": "text/xml"
    
21. };

Tools.js

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1. // if export Object, use constructor define
   
2. //function Tools() {};
   
3. // export Object
   
4. //module.exports = Tools;
   
5. 
   
6. /**
   
7.  * 补充请求页面，自动添加index.html/index.htm
   
8.  */
   
9. //Tools.guessPage
   
10. exports.guessPage = function(fs, path, curDir, pathname) {
    
11.     console.log("pathname: " + pathname);
    
12.     if (!pathname) {
    
13.         pathname = pathname+"/";
    
14.     }
    
15.     var realPath = path.join(curDir, pathname);
    
16.     console.log("realPath: " + realPath);
    
17.     var ext = path.extname(realPath);
    
18.     console.log("before ext: " + ext);
    
19.     if (!ext) {
    
20.         // guess index.html, is not exist, then index.htm.
    
21.         var tmpPath = realPath + "index.htm";
    
22.         console.log("tmpPath: " + tmpPath);
    
23.         // fs.existsSync will be deprecated.
    
24.         // var exists = fs.existsSync(tmpPath);
    
25.         var exists = true;
    
26.         try {
    
27.             fs.openSync(tmpPath, "r");
    
28.         } catch (e) {
    
29.             console.log("e: " + e);
    
30.             exists = false;
    
31.         }
    
32.         console.log("exists: " + exists);
    
33.         if (exists) {
    
34.             ext = "htm";
    
35.         } else {
    
36.             tmpPath = realPath + "index.html";
    
37.             ext = "html";
    
38.         }
    
39.         realPath = tmpPath;
    
40.     } else {
    
41.         ext = ext.slice(1);
    
42.     }
    
43.     console.log("ext: "+ext);
    
44.     var result = new Object();
    
45.     result.realPath = realPath;
    
46.     result.ext = ext;
    
47.     return result;
    
48. }

3、将这些js脚本和node.exe一起拷贝到web应用根目录下，执行dos命令或者直接拖动test.js文件放在node.exe文件上，服务器环境便启动了，支持html/css/js的静态web服务器应用。

4、访问web服务器：http://127.0.0.1:8888，默认会导航到web应用根目录下的index.htm/index.html。


注：本文将服务器js脚本拆分成了3个文件，是为了了解和学习nodejs的模块化编码，实际环境下可以使用一个js文件完成同样的任务。

参考资料：
http://www.cnblogs.com/shawn-xie/archive/2013/06/06/3121173.html
https://nodejs.org/api/