项目中用到的工具，串口modbus协议读写数据。
public class ModbusHelper
{
private readonly SerialPort _serialPort;
private readonly ILog _logger;
private bool _isReceivedData = false;
private byte _modbusAdd = 0x02;
private int _readTimes = ; public ModbusHelper(string port, int baudRate, byte slave)
{
try
{
_modbusAdd = slave;
_logger = LogManager.GetLogger(this.GetType());
_serialPort = new SerialPort(port, baudRate, Parity.Even, , StopBits.One);
_serialPort.DataReceived += _serialPort_DataReceived;
_logger = LogManager.GetLogger(this.GetType());
}
catch (Exception e)
{
_logger.Error("Modbus串口初始化失败", e);
}
} public bool Open()
{
try
{
if (!_serialPort.IsOpen)
{
_serialPort.Open();
}
_logger.Debug("串口" + _serialPort.PortName + "正常打开");
return true;
}
catch (Exception e)
{
_logger.Error("打开串口打开失败", e);
return false;
}
} public bool Close()
{
try
{
if (_serialPort.IsOpen)
{
_serialPort.Close();
_serialPort.Dispose();
}
_logger.Debug("串口" + _serialPort.PortName + "正常关闭");
return true;
}
catch (Exception err)
{
_logger.Error("关闭串口失败", err);
return false;
}
} private void ResetBuffer()
{
_readTimes = ;
_serialPort.DiscardInBuffer();
} /// <summary>
/// 串口寄存器写值
/// </summary>
/// <param name="beginAddress">开始写入相对地址</param>
/// <param name="data">写入数据</param>
public void WriteSingleWord(short beginAddress, short data)
{
try
{
var writeData = new List<byte>();
writeData.Add(_modbusAdd);
writeData.Add(0x06);
writeData.AddRange(BitConverter.GetBytes(beginAddress).Reverse());
writeData.AddRange(BitConverter.GetBytes(data).Reverse());
byte[] crc = CrcCheck(writeData.ToArray());
writeData.AddRange(crc.Reverse()); if (_serialPort.IsOpen)
{
ResetBuffer();
_serialPort.Write(writeData.ToArray(), , writeData.Count);
_history.Add(writeData);
_serialPort.ReceivedBytesThreshold = ;
while (_readTimes < && !_isReceivedData)
{
_readTimes++;
Thread.Sleep();
}
_logger.Debug("写单字数据成功，数据：" + string.Join(",", writeData));
}
}
catch (Exception err)
{
_logger.Error("写入单字数据时失败", err);
}
} /// <summary>
/// 向寄存器写入多个字
/// </summary>
/// <param name="beginAddress">起始地址（相对地址）</param>
/// <param name="writeLen">写入的字数</param>
/// <param name="data">按字写入数据（字节高地址，字节低地址；字节高地址，字节低地址；）</param>
public void WriteMutiWord(short beginAddress, short writeLen, byte[] data)
{
try
{
var writeData = new List<byte>();
writeData.Add(_modbusAdd);
writeData.Add(0x10);
writeData.AddRange(BitConverter.GetBytes(beginAddress).Reverse());
writeData.AddRange(BitConverter.GetBytes(writeLen).Reverse());
writeData.Add((byte)(writeLen * ));//写入的字节长度
writeData.AddRange(data);
byte[] crc = CrcCheck(writeData.ToArray());
writeData.AddRange(crc.Reverse()); if (_serialPort.IsOpen)
{
ResetBuffer();
_serialPort.Write(writeData.ToArray(), , writeData.Count);
_history.Add(writeData);
_serialPort.ReceivedBytesThreshold = ;
while (_readTimes < && !_isReceivedData)
{
_readTimes++;
Thread.Sleep();
}
_logger.Debug("多字写数据成功，数据：" + string.Join(",", writeData));
}
}
catch (Exception err)
{
_logger.Error("往串口写入数据时失败", err);
}
} /// <summary>
/// 向寄存器写入双字
/// </summary>
/// <param name="beginAddress">起始地址（相对地址）</param>
/// <param name="data">写入数据</param>
public void WriteDoubleWord(short beginAddress, int data)
{
try
{
var writeData = new List<byte>();
writeData.Add(_modbusAdd);
writeData.Add(0x10);
writeData.AddRange(BitConverter.GetBytes(beginAddress).Reverse());
writeData.Add();//寄存器数量高字节
writeData.Add();//寄存器数量低字节
writeData.Add();//写入的字节长度
writeData.AddRange(BitConverter.GetBytes(data).Reverse()); byte[] crc = CrcCheck(writeData.ToArray());
writeData.AddRange(crc.Reverse()); if (_serialPort.IsOpen)
{
ResetBuffer();
_serialPort.Write(writeData.ToArray(), , writeData.Count);
_history.Add(writeData);
_serialPort.ReceivedBytesThreshold = ;
while (_readTimes < && !_isReceivedData)
{
_readTimes++;
Thread.Sleep();
}
_logger.Debug("写双字数据成功，数据：" + string.Join(",", writeData));
}
}
catch (Exception err)
{
_logger.Error("写入双字数据时失败", err);
}
} /// <summary>
/// 串口读取寄存器值
/// </summary>
/// <param name="beginAddress">开始读取相对地址</param>
/// <param name="readLen">读取的字数</param>
/// <returns></returns>
public byte[] Read(short beginAddress, short readLen)
{
try
{
var readData = new List<byte>();
readData.Add(_modbusAdd);
readData.Add(0x03);
readData.AddRange(BitConverter.GetBytes(beginAddress).Reverse());
readData.AddRange(BitConverter.GetBytes(readLen).Reverse());
byte[] crc = CrcCheck(readData.ToArray());
readData.AddRange(crc.Reverse()); if (_serialPort.IsOpen)
{
ResetBuffer();
_serialPort.Write(readData.ToArray(), , readData.Count);
List<string> logdata = new List<string>();
readData.ForEach(x => logdata.Add(Convert.ToString(x, ).ToUpper().PadLeft(,'')));
_logger.Debug("串口写入数据：" + string.Join(" ", logdata));
_serialPort.ReceivedBytesThreshold = + readLen * ;
Thread.Sleep();
while (_serialPort.BytesToRead == && _readTimes < )
{
_readTimes++;
Thread.Sleep();
}
if (_serialPort.BytesToRead > )
{
var bytesToRead = _serialPort.BytesToRead;
byte[] buffer = new byte[bytesToRead];
_serialPort.Read(buffer, , bytesToRead);
_serialPort.DiscardInBuffer(); _logger.Debug("串口返回的数据：" + string.Join(",", buffer));
int readDataLength = bytesToRead - ;//减去开头的modbus地址、功能码、字节数，和结尾的2字节校验位
if (readDataLength > )
{
return buffer.Skip().Take(readDataLength).ToArray();
}
}
return null;
}
return null;
}
catch (Exception err)
{
_logger.Error("写入<读取>指令时失败", err);
return null;
}
} private void _serialPort_DataReceived(object sender, SerialDataReceivedEventArgs e)
{
try
{ }
catch (Exception err)
{
_logger.Error("读取串口数据失败", err);
}
} /// <summary>
/// 获取Modbus校验值
/// </summary>
/// <param name="data">数据字节流</param>
/// <returns>返回2byte，byte0高位，byte1低位</returns>
private byte[] CrcCheck(byte[] data)
{
try
{
byte CRC16Lo;
byte CRC16Hi;
byte CL; byte CH;
byte SaveHi; byte SaveLo;
byte[] tmpData;
int Flag;
CRC16Lo = 0xFF;
CRC16Hi = 0xFF;
CL = 0x01;
CH = 0xA0;
tmpData = data;
for (int i = ; i < tmpData.Length; i++)
{
CRC16Lo = (byte)(CRC16Lo ^ tmpData[i]);
for (Flag = ; Flag <= ; Flag++)
{
SaveHi = CRC16Hi;
SaveLo = CRC16Lo;
CRC16Hi = (byte)(CRC16Hi >> );
CRC16Lo = (byte)(CRC16Lo >> );
if ((SaveHi & 0x01) == 0x01)
{
CRC16Lo = (byte)(CRC16Lo | 0x80);
} if ((SaveLo & 0x01) == 0x01)
{
CRC16Hi = (byte)(CRC16Hi ^ CH);
CRC16Lo = (byte)(CRC16Lo ^ CL);
}
}
}
byte[] ReturnData = new byte[];
ReturnData[] = CRC16Hi;
ReturnData[] = CRC16Lo;
return ReturnData;
}
catch (Exception err)
{
_logger.Error("计算crc校验值出错", err);
return null;
}
} private readonly List<List<byte>> _history = new List<List<byte>>(); public void ClearHistory()
{
_history.Clear();
} public void WriteHistory()
{
foreach (List<byte> item in _history)
{
_serialPort.Write(item.ToArray(), , item.Count);
_serialPort.ReceivedBytesThreshold = ;
while (_readTimes < && !_isReceivedData)
{
_readTimes++;
Thread.Sleep();
}
}
} }