C语言中计算变量占用内存空间

在C语言中通常用【sizeof】运算符计算变量占内存空间，如下面的例子：

aaarticlea/png;base64,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" alt="" />

#include <stdio.h>

#include <stdlib.h>

int main()

{

    char ch;

    short a;

    int b;

    long c ;

    double e;

    float d;

    //赋值

    ch = 'a';

    a = ;

    b = ;

    c= ;

    d = 1.5;

    e = 1.5;

    printf("%d\n",sizeof(char));

    printf("%d\n",sizeof(short));

    printf("%d\n",sizeof(int));

    printf("%d\n",sizeof(long));

    printf("%d\n",sizeof(float));

    printf("%d\n",sizeof(double));

    printf("%d\n",sizeof(ch));

    printf("%d\n",sizeof(a));

    printf("%d\n",sizeof(b));

    printf("%d\n",sizeof(c));

    printf("%d\n",sizeof(d));

    printf("%d\n",sizeof(e));

    system("pause");

    return ;

}