MongoDB副本集--管理命令

这篇文档主要介绍MongoDB副本集的日常查看和管理的命令.

1)命令行的查看命令:db.serverCmdLineOpts()

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1. arps:SECONDARY> db.serverCmdLineOpts()
   
2. {
   
3.         "argv" : [
   
4.                 "/opt/software/mongodb-linux-x86_64-3.0.1/bin/mongod",//启动参数mongod
   
5.                 "-f",
   
6.                 "/opt/software/mongodb-linux-x86_64-3.0.1/bin/mongodb.conf"  
   
7.         ],//参数配置文件
   
8.         "parsed" : {
   
9.                 "config" : "/opt/software/mongodb-linux-x86_64-3.0.1/bin/mongodb.conf",
   
10.                 "net" : {
    
11.                         "port" : 27017   //端口
    
12.                 },
    
13.                 "processManagement" : {
    
14.                         "fork" : true,
    
15.                         "pidFilePath" : "/opt/data/mongodb/mongodb.pid"  //进程文件
    
16.                 },
    
17.                 "replication" : {
    
18.                         "oplogSizeMB" : 10000,       //oplog日志大小
    
19.                         "replSet" : "arps"           //副本集的名称arps
    
20.                 },
    
21.                 "storage" : {
    
22.                         "dbPath" : "/opt/data/mongodb",   //数据存储的位置
    
23.                         "directoryPerDB" : true,
    
24.                         "mmapv1" : {
    
25.                                 "preallocDataFiles" : false
    
26.                         }
    
27.                 },
    
28.                 "systemLog" : {
    
29.                         "destination" : "file",
    
30.                         "logAppend" : true,
    
31.                         "path" : "/opt/data/mongodb/log/mongodb.log"  //系统日志的位置
    
32.                 }
    
33.         },
    
34.         "ok" : 1
    
35. }

2）查看副本集状态的命令：rs.status()

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1. arps:SECONDARY> rs.status()
   
2. {
   
3.         "set" : "arps",                                //副本集名称
   
4.         "date" : ISODate("2017-12-22T06:12:21.904Z"),  //执行时间
   
5.         "myState" : 2,                                
   
6.         "syncingTo" : "172.17.4.37:27017",             //同步源:172.17.4.37:27017
   
7.         "members" : [                                  //成员
   
8.                 {
   
9.                         "_id" : 0,                    
   
10.                         "name" : "172.17.4.37:27017",
    
11.                         "health" : 1,                 //健康状态值，1为UP，0为down
    
12.                         "state" : 2,                  //成员状态值，2为secondary
    
13.                         "stateStr" : "SECONDARY",
    
14.                         "uptime" : 12354,
    
15.                         "optime" : Timestamp(1513923135, 3),  //最近一次更改数据库的时间。
    
16.                         "optimeDate" : ISODate("2017-12-22T06:12:15Z"),
17.                                                   //最后一个操作发生的时间
    
18.                         "lastHeartbeat" : ISODate("2017-12-22T06:12:20.999Z"),
19.                                                   //最后一次心跳接收的时间值
    
20.                         "lastHeartbeatRecv" : ISODate("2017-12-22T06:12:20.999Z"),
21.                                                   //最近心跳的发送到达的时间值
    
22.                         "pingMs" : 0,
    
23.                         "syncingTo" : "172.17.4.38:27017",
    
24.                         "configVersion" : 1
    
25.                 },
    
26.                 {
    
27.                         "_id" : 1,
    
28.                         "name" : "172.17.4.38:27017",
    
29.                         "health" : 1,
    
30.                         "state" : 1,                  //成员状态值，1位primary
    
31.                         "stateStr" : "PRIMARY",
    
32.                         "uptime" : 12354,
    
33.                         "optime" : Timestamp(1513923135, 3),
    
34.                         "optimeDate" : ISODate("2017-12-22T06:12:15Z"),
    
35.                         "lastHeartbeat" : ISODate("2017-12-22T06:12:21.805Z"),
    
36.                         "lastHeartbeatRecv" : ISODate("2017-12-22T06:12:20.956Z"),
    
37.                         "pingMs" : 1,
    
38.                         "electionTime" : Timestamp(1506330005, 1),
    
39.                         "electionDate" : ISODate("2017-09-25T09:00:05Z"),
    
40.                         "configVersion" : 1
    
41.                 },
    
42.                 {
    
43.                         "_id" : 2,
    
44.                         "name" : "172.17.4.39:27017",
    
45.                         "health" : 1,
    
46.                         "state" : 2,
    
47.                         "stateStr" : "SECONDARY",
    
48.                         "uptime" : 12356,
    
49.                         "optime" : Timestamp(1513923135, 3),
    
50.                         "optimeDate" : ISODate("2017-12-22T06:12:15Z"),
    
51.                         "syncingTo" : "172.17.4.37:27017",
    
52.                         "configVersion" : 1,
    
53.                         "self" : true
    
54.                 }
    
55.         ],
    
56.         "ok" : 1
    
57. }

mongod实例每隔两秒就会向其他成员发送一个心跳包，并且通过rs.status()中返回的成员的health来判断成员的状态。如果primary节点不可用了，那么复制集中的所有secondary节点都会触发一次选举操作。选出新的primary节点。如果secondary节点有多个，则会选举拥有最新oplog时间戳记录的或者有较高权限的节点成为primary

3）添加、删除副本集成员：rs.add，rs.addArb()，rs.remove()，rs.reconfig()

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1. 1)添加成员
2. rs.add('172.17.4.39:27017')  //在添加成员之前，需要在目标成员里加上repset参数。
3. 
   
4. 2)添加选举节点，不会同步数据
   

1. rs.add({,"host":"192.168.200.252:27017","arbiterOnly":true}) rs.addArb()
2. 
   
3. 3）修改配置
   

1. 通过rs.reconfig()来实现。
2. 
   
3. 4）删除成员
   
4. rs.remove('172.17.4.39:27017')

4）副本集的配置：rs.config()

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1. arps:PRIMARY> rs.config()
   
2. {
   
3.         "_id" : "arps",
   
4.         "version" : 3,
   
5.         "members" : [
   
6.                 {
   
7.                         "_id" : 0,
   
8.                         "host" : "172.17.4.37:27017",//主机名
   
9.                         "arbiterOnly" : false,       //是否为选举节点
   
10.                         "buildIndexes" : true,       //是否建立索引
    
11.                         "hidden" : false,            //是否隐藏
    
12.                         "priority" : 1,              //优先级
    
13.                         "tags" : {
    
14. 
    
15.                         },
    
16.                         "slaveDelay" : 0,
    
17.                         "votes" : 1                 
    
18.                 },
    
19.                 {
    
20.                         "_id" : 1,
    
21.                         "host" : "172.17.4.38:27017",
    
22.                         "arbiterOnly" : false,
    
23.                         "buildIndexes" : true,
    
24.                         "hidden" : false,
    
25.                         "priority" : 1,
    
26.                         "tags" : {
    
27. 
    
28.                         },
    
29.                         "slaveDelay" : 0,
    
30.                         "votes" : 1
    
31.                 },
    
32.                 {
    
33.                         "_id" : 2,
    
34.                         "host" : "172.17.4.39:27017",
    
35.                         "arbiterOnly" : false,
    
36.                         "buildIndexes" : true,
    
37.                         "hidden" : false,
    
38.                         "priority" : 1,
    
39.                         "tags" : {
    
40. 
    
41.                         },
    
42.                         "slaveDelay" : 0,
    
43.                         "votes" : 1
    
44.                 }
    
45.         ],
    
46.         "settings" : {
    
47.                 "chainingAllowed" : true,                  //自动寻找数据源功能
    
48.                 "heartbeatTimeoutSecs" : 10,               //心跳连接超时时间
    
49.                 "getLastErrorModes" : {                    
    
50. 
    
51.                 },
    
52.                 "getLastErrorDefaults" : {                //write concern写入安全机制
    
53.                         "w" : 1,                          //1为(应答时写入）
54.                               //确认写入操作已经发送到指定的单个mongodb实例或者副本集的Primary
    
55.                         "wtimeout" : 0                   
    
56.                 }
    
57.         }
    
58. }

5.Secondary进入维护模式：replSetMaintenance

如何让一个成员远落后于Primary的，进入维护模式

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1. arps:RECOVERING> db.adminCommand({"replSetMaintenance":true})   //进入维护模式
   
2. 
   
3. arps:RECOVERING> rs.status().members
   
4. [
   
5.         {
   
6.                 "_id" : 0,
   
7.                 "name" : "172.17.4.37:27017",
   
8.                 "health" : 1,
   
9.                 "state" : 2,
   
10.                 "stateStr" : "SECONDARY",
    
11.                 "uptime" : 15241,
    
12.                 "optime" : Timestamp(1513926020, 4),
    
13.                 "optimeDate" : ISODate("2017-12-22T07:00:20Z"),
    
14.                 "lastHeartbeat" : ISODate("2017-12-22T07:00:28.772Z"),
    
15.                 "lastHeartbeatRecv" : ISODate("2017-12-22T07:00:28.771Z"),
    
16.                 "pingMs" : 0,
    
17.                 "syncingTo" : "172.17.4.38:27017",
    
18.                 "configVersion" : 3
    
19.         },
    
20.         {
    
21.                 "_id" : 1,
    
22.                 "name" : "172.17.4.38:27017",
    
23.                 "health" : 1,
    
24.                 "state" : 1,
    
25.                 "stateStr" : "PRIMARY",
    
26.                 "uptime" : 15241,
    
27.                 "optime" : Timestamp(1513926020, 4),
    
28.                 "optimeDate" : ISODate("2017-12-22T07:00:20Z"),
    
29.                 "lastHeartbeat" : ISODate("2017-12-22T07:00:28.772Z"),
    
30.                 "lastHeartbeatRecv" : ISODate("2017-12-22T07:00:26.849Z"),
    
31.                 "pingMs" : 0,
    
32.                 "electionTime" : Timestamp(1506330005, 1),
    
33.                 "electionDate" : ISODate("2017-09-25T09:00:05Z"),
    
34.                 "configVersion" : 3
    
35.         },
    
36.         {
    
37.                 "_id" : 2,
    
38.                 "name" : "172.17.4.39:27017",
    
39.                 "health" : 1,
    
40.                 "state" : 3,
    
41.                 "stateStr" : "RECOVERING",   //进入维护模式，会强制进入RECOVERING状态，不提供服务
    
42.                 "uptime" : 15243,
    
43.                 "optime" : Timestamp(1513926020, 4),
    
44.                 "optimeDate" : ISODate("2017-12-22T07:00:20Z"),
    
45.                 "syncingTo" : "172.17.4.38:27017",
    
46.                 "maintenanceMode" : 1,
    
47.                 "configVersion" : 3,
    
48.                 "self" : true
    
49.         }
    
50. ]
    
51. 
    
52. arps:RECOVERING> db.adminCommand({"replSetMaintenance":false})  //退出维护模式
    

6.主节点变成备份节点：rs.stepDown(time)，rs.freeze(time)

rs.stepDown(time)  可以让主节点退成备份节点，timie单位是秒，默认60s。60s内主被副本集的其他成员获得，时间到后，会重新进行选举，一般都会重新成为主（优先级）。

rs.freeze(time)：阻止选举，始终出于备份节点状态。比如主节点需要做一些维护，不希望其他成员选举为主节点，可以在每个备份节点上执行。强制他们出于备份节点状态。

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1. arps:PRIMARY> rs.stepDown(30) //退出主节点，成为secondary节点
   
2. .......
   
3. .......
   
4. 2017-12-22T15:05:52.110+0800 I NETWORK trying reconnect to 127.0.0.1:27017 (127.0.0.1) failed
   
5. 2017-12-22T15:05:52.111+0800 I NETWORK reconnect 127.0.0.1:27017 (127.0.0.1) ok
   
6. arps:SECONDARY>
   
7. 
   
8. arps:SECONDARY> rs.status().members
   
9. [
   
10.         {
    
11.                 "_id" : 0,
    
12.                 "name" : "172.17.4.37:27017",
    
13.                 "health" : 1,
    
14.                 "state" : 1,
    
15.                 "stateStr" : "PRIMARY",  //升级为主节点
    
16.                 "uptime" : 15797,
    
17.                 "optime" : Timestamp(1513926601, 3),
    
18.                 "optimeDate" : ISODate("2017-12-22T07:10:01Z"),
    
19.                 "lastHeartbeat" : ISODate("2017-12-22T07:09:43.092Z"),
    
20.                 "lastHeartbeatRecv" : ISODate("2017-12-22T07:09:43.130Z"),
    
21.                 "pingMs" : 0,
    
22.                 "electionTime" : Timestamp(1513926357, 1),
    
23.                 "electionDate" : ISODate("2017-12-22T07:05:57Z"),
    
24.                 "configVersion" : 3
    
25.         },
    
26.         {
    
27.                 "_id" : 1,
    
28.                 "name" : "172.17.4.38:27017",
    
29.                 "health" : 1,
    
30.                 "state" : 2,
    
31.                 "stateStr" : "SECONDARY",  //退位至备份节点
    
32.                 "uptime" : 15797,
    
33.                 "optime" : Timestamp(1513926601, 3),
    
34.                 "optimeDate" : ISODate("2017-12-22T07:10:01Z"),
    
35.                 "lastHeartbeat" : ISODate("2017-12-22T07:09:43.092Z"),
    
36.                 "lastHeartbeatRecv" : ISODate("2017-12-22T07:09:43.245Z"),
    
37.                 "pingMs" : 0,
    
38.                 "syncingTo" : "172.17.4.37:27017",
    
39.                 "configVersion" : 3
    
40.         },
    
41.         {
    
42.                 "_id" : 2,
    
43.                 "name" : "172.17.4.39:27017",
    
44.                 "health" : 1,
    
45.                 "state" : 2,
    
46.                 "stateStr" : "SECONDARY",
    
47.                 "uptime" : 15799,
    
48.                 "optime" : Timestamp(1513926601, 3),
    
49.                 "optimeDate" : ISODate("2017-12-22T07:10:01Z"),
    
50.                 "syncingTo" : "172.17.4.37:27017",
    
51.                 "configVersion" : 3,
    
52.                 "self" : true
    
53.         }
    
54. ]

7.复制延迟状态查看db.printReplicationInfo()和db.printSlaveReplicationInfo()

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1. arps:PRIMARY> db.printReplicationInfo()    //主上面执行的复制状态信息
   
2. configured oplog size: 10000.003845214844MB
   
3. log length start to end: 31637996secs (8788.33hrs)
   
4. oplog first event time: Wed Dec 21 2016 10:54:05 GMT+0800 (CST)
   
5. oplog last event time: Fri Dec 22 2017 15:14:01 GMT+0800 (CST)
   
6. now: Fri Dec 22 2017 15:14:01 GMT+0800 (CST)
   
7. 
   
8. arps:SECONDARY> db.printSlaveReplicationInfo()  //从上面执行的复制延迟信息
   
9. source: 172.17.4.38:27017
   
10.         syncedTo: Fri Dec 22 2017 15:14:01 GMT+0800 (CST)
    
11.         0 secs (0 hrs) behind the primary
    
12. source: 172.17.4.39:27017
    
13.         syncedTo: Fri Dec 22 2017 15:14:01 GMT+0800 (CST)
    
14.         0 secs (0 hrs) behind the primary