ThreeJS系列1_CinematicCameraJS插件详解
接着上篇 ThreeJS系列1_CinematicCameraJS插件介绍
1. 属性的来龙去脉
type
// 描述信息
this.type = 'CinematicCamera';
shaderSettings
- 初始化代码
this.shaderSettings = {
rings: 3,
samples: 4
};
- 使用地点
this.postprocessing.materialBokeh = new ShaderMaterial( {
//...忽略代码
defines: {
RINGS: this.shaderSettings.rings,
SAMPLES: this.shaderSettings.samples,
DEPTH_PACKING: 1
}
} );
- 小结
shaderSettings 最终作为 postprocessing.materialBokeh 的值使用
shaderSettings --> postprocessing.materialBokeh
materialDepth
- 初始化代码
// ShaderMaterial 使用自定义shader渲染的材质。 shader是一个用GLSL编写的小程序 ,在GPU上运行。
this.materialDepth = new ShaderMaterial( {
uniforms: depthShader.uniforms,
vertexShader: depthShader.vertexShader,
fragmentShader: depthShader.fragmentShader
} );
this.materialDepth.uniforms[ 'mNear' ].value = near;
this.materialDepth.uniforms[ 'mFar' ].value = far;
- 使用地点
// scene.overrideMaterial:
// 如果不为空,它将强制场景中的每个物体使用这里的材质来渲染。默认值为null。
scene.overrideMaterial = this.materialDepth;
- 小结
当做 scene.overrideMaterial
postprocessing
- 初始化代码
this.postprocessing = { enabled: true };
- 使用地点
// 主要在这个方法中进行更多的初始化
this.initPostProcessing();
...
// 在这个方法中进行聚焦操作
CinematicCamera.prototype.focusAt = function ( focusDistance ) {
...
this.postprocessing.bokeh_uniforms[ 'focalDepth' ].value = this.ldistance;
};
- 总结
CinematicCamera主要参数在postprocessing中设置
2. 方法作用
setLens
// 提供fnumber和coc(混淆圈)作为额外参数
CinematicCamera.prototype.setLens = function ( focalLength, filmGauge, fNumber, coc ) {
// 对于cinematicCamera来说,拥有一个默认的镜头设置很重要
if ( focalLength === undefined ) focalLength = 35;
if ( filmGauge !== undefined ) this.filmGauge = filmGauge;
this.setFocalLength( focalLength );
// 如果没有提供fnumber和coc, cinematicCamera尝试充当一个基本的PerspectiveCamera
if ( fNumber === undefined ) fNumber = 8;
if ( coc === undefined ) coc = 0.019;
this.fNumber = fNumber;
this.coc = coc;
// fNumber是光圈对焦的
this.aperture = focalLength / this.fNumber;
// 超过焦距的镜头时需要计算depthOfField试图集中在远处给fNumber和focalLength
this.hyperFocal = ( focalLength * focalLength ) / ( this.aperture * this.coc );
};
作用: 初始化相机焦距相关
focusAt
// 距相机较远的对焦功能, focusDistance 表示对焦物体到相机距离
CinematicCamera.prototype.focusAt = function ( focusDistance ) {
if ( focusDistance === undefined ) focusDistance = 20;
var focalLength = this.getFocalLength();
// 与相机之间的距离(正常情况下为函数集)来聚焦
this.focus = focusDistance;
// 距相机最近的对焦点(未使用)
this.nearPoint = ( this.hyperFocal * this.focus ) / ( this.hyperFocal + ( this.focus - focalLength ) );
// 距相机最远的对焦点(未使用)
this.farPoint = ( this.hyperFocal * this.focus ) / ( this.hyperFocal - ( this.focus - focalLength ) );
// 所有东西都集中在里面的空间的间隙或宽度(未使用)
this.depthOfField = this.farPoint - this.nearPoint;
// 考虑标准镜头的最小焦距(未使用)
if ( this.depthOfField < 0 ) this.depthOfField = 0;
this.sdistance = this.smoothstep( this.near, this.far, this.focus );
this.ldistance = this.linearize( 1 - this.sdistance );
this.postprocessing.bokeh_uniforms[ 'focalDepth' ].value = this.ldistance;
};
// 线性化, 具体原理我也不懂
CinematicCamera.prototype.linearize = function ( depth ) {
var zfar = this.far;
var znear = this.near;
return - zfar * znear / ( depth * ( zfar - znear ) - zfar );
};
// 平滑处理
CinematicCamera.prototype.smoothstep = function ( near, far, depth ) {
var x = this.saturate( ( depth - near ) / ( far - near ) );
return x * x * ( 3 - 2 * x );
};
// 判断x是否在0-1之间, 若x>1, 返回1; 若x<0, 返回0; 若x在0-1, 返回x
CinematicCamera.prototype.saturate = function ( x ) {
return Math.max( 0, Math.min( 1, x ) );
};
作用: 修改相机的焦距, 虽然原理可能看不懂, 但是使用起来还是十分简单的: focusAt(焦距)
initPostProcessing
CinematicCamera.prototype.initPostProcessing = function () {
// 判断是否启用postprocessing(后置处理), 不启用, 初始化直接结束, this指实例化相机对象
if ( this.postprocessing.enabled ) {
this.postprocessing.scene = new Scene();
this.postprocessing.camera = new OrthographicCamera( window.innerWidth / - 2, window.innerWidth / 2, window.innerHeight / 2, window.innerHeight / - 2, - 10000, 10000 );
this.postprocessing.scene.add( this.postprocessing.camera );
var pars = { minFilter: LinearFilter, magFilter: LinearFilter, format: RGBFormat };
// WebGLRenderTarget: render target是一个缓冲,就是在这个缓冲中,视频卡为正在后台渲染的场景绘制
// 像素。 它用于不同的效果,例如用于在一个图像显示在屏幕上之前先做一些处理。
this.postprocessing.rtTextureDepth = new WebGLRenderTarget( window.innerWidth, window.innerHeight, pars );
this.postprocessing.rtTextureColor = new WebGLRenderTarget( window.innerWidth, window.innerHeight, pars );
var bokeh_shader = BokehShader;
this.postprocessing.bokeh_uniforms = UniformsUtils.clone( bokeh_shader.uniforms );
// 可以设置的参数如下所示
this.postprocessing.bokeh_uniforms[ "tColor" ].value = this.postprocessing.rtTextureColor.texture;
this.postprocessing.bokeh_uniforms[ "tDepth" ].value = this.postprocessing.rtTextureDepth.texture;
this.postprocessing.bokeh_uniforms[ "manualdof" ].value = 0;
this.postprocessing.bokeh_uniforms[ "shaderFocus" ].value = 0;
this.postprocessing.bokeh_uniforms[ "fstop" ].value = 2.8;
this.postprocessing.bokeh_uniforms[ "showFocus" ].value = 1;
this.postprocessing.bokeh_uniforms[ "focalDepth" ].value = 0.1;
//console.log( this.postprocessing.bokeh_uniforms[ "focalDepth" ].value );
this.postprocessing.bokeh_uniforms[ "znear" ].value = this.near;
this.postprocessing.bokeh_uniforms[ "zfar" ].value = this.near;
this.postprocessing.bokeh_uniforms[ "textureWidth" ].value = window.innerWidth;
this.postprocessing.bokeh_uniforms[ "textureHeight" ].value = window.innerHeight;
this.postprocessing.materialBokeh = new ShaderMaterial( {
uniforms: this.postprocessing.bokeh_uniforms,
vertexShader: bokeh_shader.vertexShader,
fragmentShader: bokeh_shader.fragmentShader,
defines: {
RINGS: this.shaderSettings.rings,
SAMPLES: this.shaderSettings.samples,
DEPTH_PACKING: 1
}
} );
this.postprocessing.quad = new Mesh( new PlaneBufferGeometry( window.innerWidth, window.innerHeight ), this.postprocessing.materialBokeh );
this.postprocessing.quad.position.z = - 500;
this.postprocessing.scene.add( this.postprocessing.quad );
}
};
renderCinematic
加入启用了postprocessing, 那么使用这个方法渲染场景, 代替renderer.render(scene, camera)
CinematicCamera.prototype.renderCinematic = function ( scene, renderer ) {
if ( this.postprocessing.enabled ) {
var currentRenderTarget = renderer.getRenderTarget();
renderer.clear();
// Render scene into texture
scene.overrideMaterial = null;
renderer.setRenderTarget( this.postprocessing.rtTextureColor );
renderer.clear();
renderer.render( scene, this );
// Render depth into texture
scene.overrideMaterial = this.materialDepth;
renderer.setRenderTarget( this.postprocessing.rtTextureDepth );
renderer.clear();
renderer.render( scene, this );
// Render bokeh composite
renderer.setRenderTarget( null );
renderer.render( this.postprocessing.scene, this.postprocessing.camera );
renderer.setRenderTarget( currentRenderTarget );
}
};
3. 使用步骤
创建相机, 和PerspectiveCamera一样
camera = new CinematicCamera(60, window.innerWidth / window.innerHeight, 1, 1000);
初始化焦距
// 初始化焦距
camera.setLens(5);
// 初始化位置
camera.position.set(2, 1, 500);
设置相机相关属性
创建属性对象, 下面所有都可以设置
let effectController = {
// BokehDepthShader中属性
focalLength: 15,
// jsDepthCalculation: true,
// shaderFocus: false,
fstop: 2.8,
// maxblur: 1.0,
showFocus: false,
focalDepth: 3,
// manualdof: false,
// vignetting: false,
// depthblur: false,
//
// threshold: 0.5,
// gain: 2.0,
// bias: 0.5,
// fringe: 0.7,
//
// focalLength: 22,
// noise: true,
// pentagon: false,
//
// dithering: 0.0001
};
将属性对象赋值到相机上
let matChanger = function(){
// 遍历属性对象, 赋值到相机的属性上
for(let e in effectController){
if( e in camera.postprocessing.bokeh_uniforms){
camera.postprocessing.bokeh_uniforms[e].value = effectController[e]; }
}
camera.postprocessing.bokeh_uniforms[ 'znear' ].value = camera.near;
camera.postprocessing.bokeh_uniforms[ 'zfar' ].value = camera.far;
camera.setLens( effectController.focalLength, camera.frameHeight, effectController.fstop, camera.coc );
effectController[ 'focalDepth' ] = camera.postprocessing.bokeh_uniforms[ 'focalDepth' ].value;
};
// 执行方法
matChanger();
设置焦距
camera.focusAt(targetDistance);
4. 源码
<template>
<div ref="container">
</div>
</template>
<script>
import * as THREE from 'three';
import {OrbitControls} from "../../assets/examples/jsm/controls/OrbitControls";
import Stats from "../../assets/examples/jsm/libs/stats.module";
import {CinematicCamera} from "../../assets/examples/jsm/cameras/CinematicCamera";
import {GUI} from "../../assets/examples/jsm/libs/dat.gui.module";
let scene, renderer;
let camera;
let container, stats;
let raycaster, mouse = new THREE.Vector2(), INTERSECTED;
let radius = 100,
theta = 0;
function init() {
container = this.$refs.container;
scene = new THREE.Scene();
scene.background = new THREE.Color( 0xf0f0f0 );
renderer = new THREE.WebGLRenderer({
antialias: true,
});
renderer.setPixelRatio(window.devicePixelRatio);
renderer.setSize(window.innerWidth, window.innerHeight);
container.appendChild(renderer.domElement);
// camera = new THREE.PerspectiveCamera(45, window.innerWidth / window.innerHeight);
// camera.position.set(4, 5, 6);
camera = new CinematicCamera(60, window.innerWidth / window.innerHeight, 1, 1000);
// 重写了一个PerspectiveCamera不要的方法
camera.setLens(5);
camera.position.set(2, 1, 500);
// let orbitControls = new OrbitControls(camera, renderer.domElement);
// scene.add(new THREE.AxesHelper(5));
stats = new Stats();
container.appendChild(stats.dom);
// light
scene.add( new THREE.AmbientLight( 0xffffff, 0.3 ) );
var light = new THREE.DirectionalLight( 0xffffff, 0.35 );
light.position.set( 1, 1, 1 ).normalize();
scene.add( light );
var geometry = new THREE.SphereBufferGeometry(10, 32, 32);
// var geometry = new THREE.BoxBufferGeometry( 20, 20, 20 );
for ( var i = 0; i < 1500; i ++ ) {
// 不一样的颜色
var object = new THREE.Mesh( geometry, new THREE.MeshLambertMaterial( { color: Math.random() * 0xffffff } ) );
// 位置 -400到400
object.position.x = Math.random() * 800 - 400;
object.position.y = Math.random() * 800 - 400;
object.position.z = Math.random() * 800 - 400;
scene.add( object );
}
raycaster = new THREE.Raycaster();
let effectController = {
// BokehDepthShader中属性
focalLength: 15,
// jsDepthCalculation: true,
// shaderFocus: false,
fstop: 2.8,
// maxblur: 1.0,
showFocus: false,
focalDepth: 3,
// manualdof: false,
// vignetting: false,
// depthblur: false,
//
// threshold: 0.5,
// gain: 2.0,
// bias: 0.5,
// fringe: 0.7,
//
// focalLength: 22,
// noise: true,
// pentagon: false,
//
// dithering: 0.0001
};
let matChanger = function(){
for(let e in effectController){
if( e in camera.postprocessing.bokeh_uniforms){
camera.postprocessing.bokeh_uniforms[e].value = effectController[e];
}
}
camera.postprocessing.bokeh_uniforms[ 'znear' ].value = camera.near;
camera.postprocessing.bokeh_uniforms[ 'zfar' ].value = camera.far;
camera.setLens( effectController.focalLength, camera.frameHeight, effectController.fstop, camera.coc );
effectController[ 'focalDepth' ] = camera.postprocessing.bokeh_uniforms[ 'focalDepth' ].value;
};
matChanger();
this.camera = camera;
window.addEventListener('resize', onResize, false);
window.addEventListener('mousemove', onMousemove, false);
}
function onMousemove(event) {
// 取消事件的默认动作
event.preventDefault();
mouse.x = (event.clientX / window.innerWidth) * 2 - 1;
mouse.y = -(event.clientY / window.innerHeight) * 2 + 1;
}
function onResize() {
camera.aspect = window.innerWidth / window.innerHeight;
camera.updateProjectionMatrix();
renderer.setSize(window.innerWidth, window.innerHeight);
}
function animation() {
stats.update();
render();
// renderer.render(scene, camera);
requestAnimationFrame(animation);
}
function render() {
theta += 0.1;
// MathUtils.degToRad(theta) 将度转化为弧度
camera.position.x = radius * Math.sin(THREE.MathUtils.degToRad(theta));
camera.position.y = radius * Math.sin(THREE.MathUtils.degToRad(theta));
camera.position.z = radius * Math.cos(THREE.MathUtils.degToRad(theta));
camera.lookAt(scene.position);
// 更新物体及后代的全局变换
camera.updateMatrixWorld();
raycaster.setFromCamera(mouse, camera);
let intersects = raycaster.intersectObjects(scene.children);
if (intersects.length > 0) {
let targetDistance = intersects[0].distance;
camera.focusAt(targetDistance);
if (INTERSECTED != intersects[0].object) {
if(INTERSECTED) INTERSECTED.material.emissive.setHex( INTERSECTED.currentHex );
INTERSECTED = intersects[ 0 ].object;
INTERSECTED.currentHex = INTERSECTED.material.emissive.getHex();
// MeshLambertMaterial的属性emissive
// 材质的放射(光)颜色,基本上是不受其他光照影响的固有颜色。默认为黑色。
INTERSECTED.material.emissive.setHex( 0xff0000 );
}
}else {
if(INTERSECTED) INTERSECTED.material.emissive.setHex( INTERSECTED.currentHex );
INTERSECTED = null;
}
if (camera.postprocessing.enabled) {
camera.renderCinematic(scene, renderer);
}else {
scene.overrideMaterial = null;
renderer.clear();
renderer.render(scene, camera);
}
}
export default {
name: "CameraCinematic",
data(){
return {
effectController: {
},
camera: {},
}
},
mounted() {
init.call(this);
animation();
}
}
</script>
<style scoped>
</style>