如何使用HttpClient来发送带客户端证书的请求，以及如何忽略掉对服务器端证书的校验

最近要做客户端和服务器端的双向认证，在客户端向服务器端发送带证书的请求这里有一点问题，网上的例子大多都不太好使，于是找了github上httpclient源代码中的例子改造了一下，终于弄明白了

github上我参考的例子在：https://github.com/apache/httpclient/blob/4.5.x/httpclient/src/examples/org/apache/http/examples/client/ClientCustomSSL.java

下面先贴上我自己的代码(需要导入HttpClient等相关jar包)，然后再说明

import org.apache.commons.io.IOUtils;

import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;

import org.apache.http.client.methods.CloseableHttpResponse;

import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;

import org.apache.http.conn.ssl.SSLConnectionSocketFactory;

import org.apache.http.conn.ssl.TrustSelfSignedStrategy;

import org.apache.http.conn.ssl.TrustStrategy;

import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;

import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;

import org.apache.http.ssl.SSLContexts;

import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;

import javax.net.ssl.SSLContext;

import java.io.File;

import java.io.FileInputStream;

import java.security.KeyStore;

import java.security.cert.CertificateException;

import java.security.cert.X509Certificate;

/*

 * Created with Intellij IDEA

 * USER: 焦一平

 * Date: 2016/5/8

 * Time: 1:10

 * To change this template use File | Settings | File Template

 */

public class SSLDemo {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {

        KeyStore keyStore = KeyStore.getInstance("PKCS12");

        keyStore.load(new FileInputStream(new File("C:\\Users\\Administrator\\Desktop\\jiaoyiping.p12")), "123456".toCharArray());

        SSLContext sslcontext = SSLContexts.custom()

                //忽略掉对服务器端证书的校验

                .loadTrustMaterial(new TrustStrategy() {

                    @Override

                    public boolean isTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain, String authType) throws CertificateException {

                        return true;

                    }

                })

                //加载服务端提供的truststore(如果服务器提供truststore的话就不用忽略对服务器端证书的校验了)

                //.loadTrustMaterial(new File("D:\\truststore.jks"), "123456".toCharArray(),

                //        new TrustSelfSignedStrategy())

                .loadKeyMaterial(keyStore, "cmcc".toCharArray())

                .build();

        SSLConnectionSocketFactory sslConnectionSocketFactory = new SSLConnectionSocketFactory(

                sslcontext,

                new String[]{"TLSv1"},

                null,

                SSLConnectionSocketFactory.getDefaultHostnameVerifier());

        CloseableHttpClient httpclient = HttpClients.custom()

                .setSSLSocketFactory(sslConnectionSocketFactory)

                .build();

        try {

            HttpGet httpget = new HttpGet("https://10.2.5.116/PnsReceiver/ReceiveMessage");

            System.out.println("Executing request " + httpget.getRequestLine());

            CloseableHttpResponse response = httpclient.execute(httpget);

            try {

                HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();

                System.out.println(response.getStatusLine());

                System.out.println(IOUtils.toString(entity.getContent()));

                EntityUtils.consume(entity);

            } finally {

                response.close();

            }

        } finally {

            httpclient.close();

        }

    }

}

SSLContexts.custom() 方法返回一个 SSLContextBuilder实例，来构建SSLContext，下面是SSLContextBuilder的方法列表：

其中：
       loadKeyMaterial()重载方法是加载客户端证书用的
       loadTrustMaterial()重载方法是加载服务器端相关信息用的(我们就是使用 loadTrustMaterial(TrustStrategy trustStrategy) 方法自己实现了一个信任策略，不对服务器端的证书进行校验)，

在生成HttpClient的时候，指定相应的 SSLSocketFactory，之后，使用这个HttpClient发送的GET请求和POST请求就自动地附加上了证书信息

如果我们只需要忽略掉对服务器端证书的验证，而不需要发送客户端证书信息,在构建SSLContext的时候，只需要 loadTrustMaterial() 不需要 loadKeyMaterial()

关于客户端证书的类型问题:我们导出的pfx或者P12后缀的文件都是pkcs12类型的，根据java的文档，我找到了KeyStore支持的三种类型，如下图：

客户端如何只信任某个服务器端的证书信息 会在之后的文章中写