前言

Spring boot的CommandLineRunner接口主要用于实现在应用初始化后,去执行一段代码块逻辑,这段初始化代码在整个应用生命周期内只会执行一次。

如何使用CommandLineRunner接口

我们可以用以下三种方式去使用CommandLineRunner接口:

1)和@Component注解一起使用

这种使用方式相当简便,如下所示:

@Component
public class ApplicationStartupRunner implements CommandLineRunner {
protected final Log logger = LogFactory.getLog(getClass()); @Override
public void run(String... args) throws Exception {
logger.info("ApplicationStartupRunner run method Started !!");
}
}

2)和@SpringBootApplication注解一起使用

这种使用方式也相当的简单,参考代码如下:

@SpringBootApplication
public class SpringBootWebApplication extends SpringBootServletInitializer implements CommandLineRunner { @Override
protected SpringApplicationBuilder configure(SpringApplicationBuilder application) {
return application.sources(SpringBootWebApplication.class);
} public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
SpringApplication.run(SpringBootWebApplication.class, args);
} @Override
public void run(String... args) throws Exception {
logger.info("Application Started !!");
}
}

3)声明一个实现了CommandLineRunner接口的Bean

这种方式其实也大同小异,就是在SpringBootApplication里定义一个Bean,改Bean实现了CommandLineRunner接口,参考代码如下:

ApplicationStartupRunner.java

public class ApplicationStartupRunner implements CommandLineRunner {
protected final Log logger = LogFactory.getLog(getClass());
@Override
public void run(String... args) throws Exception {
logger.info("Application Started !!");
}
}

注册ApplicationStartupRunner bean

@SpringBootApplication
public class SpringBootWebApplication extends SpringBootServletInitializer { @Override
protected SpringApplicationBuilder configure(SpringApplicationBuilder application) {
return application.sources(SpringBootWebApplication.class);
} public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
SpringApplication.run(SpringBootWebApplication.class, args);
} @Bean
public ApplicationStartupRunner schedulerRunner() {
return new ApplicationStartupRunner();
}
}

用@Order注解去设置多个CommandLineRunner实现类的执行顺序

一个应用可能存在多个CommandLineRunner接口实现类,如果我们想设置它们的执行顺序,可以使用 @Order实现

@Order(value=3)
@Component
class ApplicationStartupRunnerOne implements CommandLineRunner {
protected final Log logger = LogFactory.getLog(getClass()); @Override
public void run(String... args) throws Exception {
logger.info("ApplicationStartupRunnerOne run method Started !!");
}
} @Order(value=2)
@Component
class ApplicationStartupRunnerTwo implements CommandLineRunner {
protected final Log logger = LogFactory.getLog(getClass()); @Override
public void run(String... args) throws Exception {
logger.info("ApplicationStartupRunnerTwo run method Started !!");
}
}

输出日志:

2017-03-08 13:55:04 - ApplicationStartupRunnerTwo run method Started !!
2017-03-08 13:55:04 - ApplicationStartupRunnerOne run method Started !!

为什么要使用CommandLineRunner接口

  • 实现在应用启动后,去执行相关代码逻辑,且只会执行一次;
  • spring batch批量处理框架依赖这些执行器去触发执行任务;
  • 我们可以在run()方法里使用任何依赖,因为它们已经初始化好了;

转载自:

Spring boot CommandLineRunner接口使用例子

05-11 17:34