观察者模式:定义对象间的一种一对多的依赖关系,当一个对象的状态发生改变时,所有依赖于它的对象都得到通知并被自动更新。它还有两个别名,依赖 (Dependents),发布-订阅(Publish-Subsrcibe)。可以举个博客订阅的例子,当博主发表新文章的时候,即博主状态发生了改 变,那些订阅的读者就会收到通知,然后进行相应的动作,比如去看文章,或者收藏起来。博主与读者之间存在种一对多的依赖关系。下面给出相应的UML图设 计。

以博客和博客的粉丝(observer)为例

#include <iostream>
#include <list>
#include <string> using namespace std; class Observer
{
public:
Observer() {}
virtual ~Observer() {}
virtual void Update() {} }; class Blog
{
public:
Blog(){}
virtual ~Blog() {}
void Attach(Observer *observer)
{
m_observers.push_back(observer);
}
void Remove(Observer* observer)
{
m_observers.remove(observer);
}
void Notify()
{
list<Observer*>::iterator iter = m_observers.begin();
for(;iter != m_observers.end(); iter++)
(*iter)->Update();
}
virtual void SetStatus(string s)
{
m_status = s;
}
virtual std::string GetStatus()
{
return m_status;
}
private:
list<Observer* > m_observers;
protected:
std::string m_status;
}; class BlogBKY : public Blog
{
public:
BlogBKY(string name):m_name(name) {}
~BlogBKY() {}
void SetStatus(string s)
{
m_status = s ;
}
string GetStatus()
{
return m_status;
}
private:
string m_name;
}; class ObserverBlog : public Observer
{
public:
ObserverBlog(string name,Blog *blog):m_name(name),m_blog(blog)
{ }
~ObserverBlog() {}
void Update()
{
std::string status = m_blog->GetStatus();
cout << m_name <<"-------" << status <<endl;
}
private:
std::string m_name;
Blog *m_blog;
};

接口的使用:

#include "observer.h"
int main()
{
Blog *blog = new BlogBKY("onlycxue");
Observer *observer1 = new ObserverBlog("hello",blog);
blog->Attach(observer1);
blog->SetStatus("发表博客!");
blog->Notify();
system("pause");
//delete blog;
//delete observer1;
return ;
05-11 21:50