无主键的Entity
- .NetCore3.1允许无主键的Entity或Model
- 它们不会被追踪,相当于是只读的
- 映射到没有主键的Table或View
如何在EFCore中使用原生SQL语句或执行存储过程以及视图
首先执行两个SQL脚本,一个视图和一个存储过程
CREATE VIEW ViewPlayerClub
AS
SELECT p.Id[PlayerId],p.Name[PlayerName],c.Name[ClubName],c.City[ClubCity]
FROM Players p INNER JOIN Clubs c ON p.ClubId=c.Id
GO
CREATE PROCEDURE RemoveGamePlayer
@PlayerId UNIQUEIDENTIFIER
AS
BEGIN
SET NOCOUNT ON;
DELETE FROM GamePlayer WHERE PlayerId=@PlayerId
END
GO
根据视图ViewPlayerClub创建一个类
public class PlayerClub
{
public Guid PlayerId { get; set; }
public string PlayerName { get; set; }
public string ClubName { get; set; }
public string ClubCity { get; set; }
}
再把这个类添加到DBContext中
public DbSet<PlayerClub> PlayerClubs { get; set; }
DbSet使用这个没有主键的类是不行的,怎么才能使用无主键的类呢?
可以在OnModelCreating()
方法里设置一下
modelBuilder.Entity<PlayerClub>()
.HasNoKey()//设置没有主键
.ToView("ViewPlayerClub");//如果不写这句,当迁移的时候还会创建一个PlayerClub的Table,应该把这个类映射到一个视图上
例子
[HttpGet("PlayerClub")]
public IActionResult GetViewPlayerClub()
{
var playerClub = _dbContext.PlayerClubs.Where(px => px.ClubCity.Contains("贵州")).ToList();
return Ok(playerClub);
}
生成的SQL语句
SELECT [v].[ClubCity], [v].[ClubName], [v].[PlayerId], [v].[PlayerName]
FROM [ViewPlayerClub] AS [v]
WHERE CHARINDEX(N'贵州', [v].[ClubCity]) > 0
如果使用_dbContext.PlayerClubs.Find(Guid id)
在编译的时候不会出错,但运行肯定会报错,因为Find()里的参数是主键
原生SQL查询
执行原生SQL查询有两种方法
.FromSqlRaw("SELECT *...")
直接写SQL语句.FromSqlRawAsync("SELECT *...")
.FromSqlInterpolated("$SELECT *...WHERE x={var}")
SQL语句需要使用参数.FromSqlInterpolatedAsync("$SELECT *...WHERE x={var}")
使用FromSqlRaw()方法
[HttpGet("SqlTest")]
public IActionResult GetSqlTest1()
{
var leagues = _dbContext.Leagues.FromSqlRaw("SELECT * FROM Leagues").ToList();
return Ok(leagues);
}
生成的SQL语句就是FromSqlRaw()方法里的语句
使用FromSqlInterpolated()方法
[HttpGet("SqlTest1")]
public IActionResult GetSqlTest1([FromQuery] string name)
{
//使用带参数的FromSqlInterpolated
var leagues = _dbContext.Leagues
.FromSqlInterpolated($"SELECT * FROM Leagues WHERE Name LIKE N'%{name}%'")
.ToList();
return Ok(leagues);
}
生成的SQL语句就是FromSqlInterpolated()方法的语句,但是会使用SQL参数作为查询值
exec sp_executesql N'SELECT * FROM Leagues WHERE Name LIKE N''%@p0%''
',N'@p0 nvarchar(4000)',@p0=N'足球'
原生SQL查询的要求
- 必须返回Entity类型的所有属性,一般都是
SELECT *
- 字段名和Entity的属性名必须匹配
- 无法包含关联的数据,不能写JOIN语句
- 只能查询已知的Entity,也就是Context中设定好的或间接能追踪到的数据
执行非查询类SQL
Context.Database.ExecuteSqlRaw()
Context.Database.ExecuteSqlRawAsync()
Context.Database.ExecuteSqlInterpolated()
Context.Database.ExecuteSqlInterpolatedAsync()
- 无法用于查询
- 只能返回影响的行数
[HttpGet("SqlTest2")]
public IActionResult GetSqlTest2()
{
//使用ExecuteSqlRaw
var count = _dbContext.Database.ExecuteSqlRaw("EXEC [dbo].[RemoveGamePlayer] {0}", new Guid(""));
//使用ExecuteSqlInterpolated
var counts = _dbContext.Database.ExecuteSqlInterpolated($"EXEC [dbo].[RemoveGamePlayer] {new Guid("")}");
return Ok(new { count, counts });
}
生成的SQL语句两个都一样