1.      
ATA接口的三种数据传输方式

(1)PIO(Programmable
Input-Output)传输,可以分为PIO寄存器传输和PIO数据传输。PIO寄存器传输主要用于对ATA设备中的寄存器进行读写。读写的数据位数为8位DD[7:0]。ATA主机控制器根据所要读写的寄存器地址设置CS0_、CS1_、DA[2:0]地址信号,同时将DIOW_或DIOR_设为有效,ATA主机控制器或ATA设备驱动数据总线释放数据。当DIOW_或DIOR_撤销时,ATA主机控制器或ATA设备从数据总线上读取数据。对于PIO数据传输,所读写的地址为数据端口,读写数据为16位。

(2)MDMA(Multiword
DMA)传输,用于数据传输。ATA主机控制器向ATA设备下达MDMA传输命令后,等待设备向主机发送DMARQ数据传输请求信号。当主机收到DMARQ信号后,向设备发送DMACK_响应信号。MDMA数据传输过程与PIO方式大致相同,也是通过DIOW_或DIOR_的周期变化来控制数据的传输。在数据传输过程中,DMARQ和DMACK_握手信号一直保持有效。

(3)UDMA(Ultra
DMA),也是用于数据传输。这种传输方式的传输速度比MDMA要快,ATA/ATAPI-5协议中所定义的UDMA传输方式最高数据传输速率是66MB/s。UDMA对数据传输的控制信号重新进行了定义。另外,UDMA还引入了CRC数据校验机制,保证了数据传输过程的正确性,但其传输过程较为复杂。

Transfer mode      
| Description                   | 
Transfer Rate

ATA_PIO_DEF_0      
| PIO default mode              |

ATA_PIO_DEF_1      
| PIO default mode, no IORDY    |

ATA_PIO_0          
| PIO mode 0                    |    
3.3 MBps

ATA_PIO_1          
| PIO mode 1                    |    
5.2 MBps

ATA_PIO_2          
| PIO mode 2                    |    
8.3 MBps

ATA_PIO_3          
| PIO mode 3                    |   
11.1 MBps

ATA_PIO_4          
| PIO mode 4                    |   
16.6 MBps

ATA_PIO_AUTO       
| PIO max supported mode        |

ATA_DMA_SINGLE_0   
| Single DMA mode 0             |    
2.1 MBps

ATA_DMA_SINGLE_1   
| Single DMA mode 1             |    
4.2 MBps

ATA_DMA_SINGLE_2   
| Single DMA mode 2             |    
8.3 MBps

ATA_DMA_MULTI_0    
| Multi word DMA mode 0         |    
4.2 MBps

ATA_DMA_MULTI_1    
| Multi word DMA mode 1         |   
13.3 MBps

ATA_DMA_MULTI_2    
| Multi word DMA mode 2         |   
16.6 MBps

ATA_DMA_ULTRA_0    
| Ultra DMA mode 0              |   
16.6 MBps

ATA_DMA_ULTRA_1    
| Ultra DMA mode 1              |   
25.0 MBps

ATA_DMA_ULTRA_2    
| Ultra DMA mode 2              |   
33.3 MBps

ATA_DMA_ULTRA_3    
| Ultra DMA mode 3              |   
44.4 MBps

ATA_DMA_ULTRA_4    
| Ultra DMA mode 4              |   
66.6 MBps

ATA_DMA_ULTRA_5    
| Ultra DMA mode 5              |  
100.0 MBps

ATA_DMA_AUTO       
| DMA max supported mode        |

2.      
Vxworks下SATA部分的启动流程

//usrConfig.c

#ifdef 
INCLUDE_ATA

usrAtaInit ();

if (strcmp (FS_NAMES_ATA_PRIMARY_MASTER, "" ))

usrAtaConfig (0, 0, FS_NAMES_ATA_PRIMARY_MASTER);

if (strcmp (FS_NAMES_ATA_PRIMARY_SLAVE, "" ))

usrAtaConfig (0, 1, FS_NAMES_ATA_PRIMARY_SLAVE);

if (strcmp (FS_NAMES_ATA_SECONDARY_MASTER, "" ))

usrAtaConfig (1, 0, FS_NAMES_ATA_SECONDARY_MASTER);

if (strcmp (FS_NAMES_ATA_SECONDARY_SLAVE, "" ))

usrAtaConfig (1, 1, FS_NAMES_ATA_SECONDARY_SLAVE);

#ifdef 
INCLUDE_SHOW_ROUTINES

ataShowInit ();                     /* install ATA/IDE show routine */

#endif 
/* INCLUDE_SHOW_ROUTINES */

#endif 
/* INCLUDE_ATA */

//usrAta.c

void usrAtaInit (void)

{

int ix;

ATA_RESOURCE *pAtaResource;

for (ix = 0; ix < ATA_MAX_CTRLS; ix++)

{

pAtaResource = &ataResources[ix];

if (pAtaResource->ctrlType == IDE_LOCAL)

if ((ataDrv (ix, pAtaResource->drives, pAtaResource->intVector,

pAtaResource->intLevel, pAtaResource->configType,

pAtaResource->semTimeout, pAtaResource->wdgTimeout))

== ERROR)

{

printf ("ataDrv returned ERROR from usrRoot.\n");

}

}

}

//ataDrv.c

ataDrv - Initialize the ATA driver ……

INCLUDE_DRV_STORAGE_INTEL_ICH

INCLUDE_ATA

INCLUDE_PIIX4_ATADMA

INCLUDE_ICH7_SUPPORT

05-04 04:56