题目:https://www.lydsy.com/JudgeOnline/problem.php?id=3631
树上差分;注意路径的结尾被多算了一次,最后要减去(不能提前减)。
代码如下:
#include<iostream>
#include<cstdio>
#include<cstring>
using namespace std;
int const maxn=;
int n,a[maxn],head[maxn],ct,f[maxn],re[maxn],fa[maxn][],bin[],deep[maxn];
struct N{
int to,next;
N(int t=,int n=):to(t),next(n) {}
}edge[maxn<<];
bool vis[maxn];
void dfs(int x)
{
for(int i=;i<=;i++)
{
if(deep[x]>=bin[i])fa[x][i]=fa[fa[x][i-]][i-];
else break;
}
for(int i=head[x],u;i;i=edge[i].next)
{
if(edge[i].to==fa[x][])continue;
deep[u=edge[i].to]=deep[x]+;
fa[u][]=x;
dfs(u);
}
}
int lca(int x,int y)
{
if(deep[x]>deep[y])swap(x,y);
int t=deep[y]-deep[x];
for(int i=;i<=;i++)
if(t&bin[i])y=fa[y][i];
for(int i=;i>=;i--)
if(fa[x][i]!=fa[y][i])
x=fa[x][i],y=fa[y][i];
if(x==y)return y;
return fa[y][];
}
void dfs2(int x)
{
// cout<<x<<endl;
if(vis[x])return;
vis[x]=;
for(int i=head[x],u;i;i=edge[i].next)
{
u=edge[i].to;
if(u==fa[x][])continue;
dfs2(u);
f[x]+=f[u];
}
}
int main()
{
bin[]=;
for(int i=;i<;i++)bin[i]=(bin[i-]<<);
scanf("%d",&n);
for(int i=;i<=n;i++)scanf("%d",&a[i]);
for(int i=,x,y;i<n;i++)
{
scanf("%d%d",&x,&y);
edge[++ct]=N(y,head[x]);head[x]=ct;
edge[++ct]=N(x,head[y]);head[y]=ct;
}
dfs();
for(int i=;i<=n;i++)
{
f[a[i-]]++;f[a[i]]++;re[a[i]]++;
int l=lca(a[i-],a[i]);
f[l]--;f[fa[l][]]--;
}
dfs2();
for(int i=;i<=n;i++)
printf("%d\n",f[i]-re[i]);
return ;
}