-- 2019-04-15 16:58:02

  •  Zuul是什么?

以下是官方解释:

Zuul是从设备和网站到后端应用程序所有请求的前门,为内部服务提供可配置的对外URL到服务的映射关系,基于JVM的后端路由器。其具备以下功能

    1. 认证与鉴权
    2. 压力测试
    3. 金丝雀测试
    4. 动态路由
    5. 负载削减
    6. 静态响应处理
    7. 主动流量管理

其底层基于Servlet,本质组件是一系列的Filter所构成的责任链。这其实就很容易知道底层的大概方向了,毕竟zuul主要是网关拦截

  • 入门案例:  

  • 整体结构图

spring-cloud-Zuul学习(一)【基础篇】--入门案例【重新定义spring cloud实践】-LMLPHP       spring-cloud-Zuul学习(一)【基础篇】--入门案例【重新定义spring cloud实践】-LMLPHP

我在zuul-introduction下的pom文件导入spring-boot的依赖包,就不说了。(防止出现“The bean 'proxyRequestHelper', defined in class path resource”错误,已补充贴上)

 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <groupId>lb.study</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-Zuul</artifactId>
<packaging>pom</packaging>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version> <parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>2.0.3.RELEASE</version>
</parent> <properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
<java.version>1.8</java.version>
<spring-cloud.version>Finchley.RELEASE</spring-cloud.version>
</properties> <dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
<version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</dependencyManagement> <dependencies>
<!--spring-boo引包开始-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-tomcat</artifactId>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<!--spring-boo引包结束--> <dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
</dependency>
</dependencies> <build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build> <modules>
<module>zuul-introduction</module>
</modules>
</project>
  • 创建eureka-server

添加eureka注册中心依赖,在启动类添加注解@EnableEurekaServer即可,端口为8761

<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-tomcat</artifactId>
<version>1.2.4.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<!-- eureka服务端依赖开始 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-server</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- eureka服务端依赖结束 -->
</dependencies>
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableEurekaServer //服务
public class EurekaServerApplication { public static void main(String[] args) {//
SpringApplication.run(EurekaServerApplication.class, args);
} }
  • 创建zuul-server组件工程

zuul-server工程的pom.xml只需要引入zuul的核心包就行,不过这里有可能会造成版本不一样导致错误。

<dependencies>
<!-- zuul服务导包开始 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-zuul</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- zuul服务导包结束 --> </dependencies>

在启动类加注解@EnableEurekaClient(加上上这个后会自动注册到eureka上,就可以不在yml上写注册配置了)跟@EnableZuulProxy

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableEurekaClient
@EnableZuulProxy
public class ZuulServerApplication { public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(ZuulServerApplication.class, args);
} }

application.yml文件如下:

说明:设置端口为5555,我这里没有指明注册中心,因为加了@EnableEurekaClient会默认注册到本地的eureka上。zuul下面的(最后五行),将所有以/client开头的URL映射到client-a这个服务去,所有就需用请求实际的服务,而是请求这个zuul就可以到相应的服务上去

spring:
application:
name: zuul-server
server:
port: 5555
zuul:
routes:
client-a:
path: /client/**
serviceId: client-a
  • 创建client-a工程

这个工程只是提供一个controller接口而已,所以直接看代码就行了,不过application-name需要跟zuul配置的相同。

spring:
application:
name: client-a
server:
port: 7070
/**
* @author [email protected]
* @date 2019/4/15 14:48
*/
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/student")
public class StudentController { @RequestMapping("/getStudent")
public String getStudent(){
return "这是一个学生";
}
}

  • 测试

依次启动Eureka、Zuul、client-a三个工程,使用postman分两次访问接口:一次直接访问client-a项目localhost:7070/student/getStudent,一次通过zuul访问localhost:5555/client/student/getStudent,结果如下:

spring-cloud-Zuul学习(一)【基础篇】--入门案例【重新定义spring cloud实践】-LMLPHP



spring-cloud-Zuul学习(一)【基础篇】--入门案例【重新定义spring cloud实践】-LMLPHP


05-06 12:29