https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/research/publication/customizable-route-planning/?from=http%3A%2F%2Fresearch.microsoft.com%2Fpubs%2F145688%2Fcrp-sea.pdf
We present an algorithm to compute shortest paths on continental road networks with arbitrary metrics (cost functions). The approach supports turn costs, enables real-time queries, and can incorporate a new metric in a few seconds—fast enough to support real-time traffic updates and personalized optimization functions. The amount of metric-specific data is a small fraction of the graph itself, which allows us to maintain several metrics in memory simultaneously.
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常用的导航/路径规划软件都用到哪些算法？ - 知乎
https://www.zhihu.com/question/24870090
链接：https://www.zhihu.com/question/24870090/answer/73834896
来源：知乎
题主所说的实际商业应用，无非是国内的baidu map 和 amap，国际的google map和 bing map。首先明确一点，基本的图搜索算法dijkstra是无法满足互联网地图检索实时响应这种性能要求，所以各家公司都有各自的预处理方法：分层或者预计算。具体采用何种方式，这取决于采取的加速算法相关。在2008年前后，以KIT（http://algo2.iti.kit.edu/routeplanning.php）为主的研究院产出了多个路径规划加速算法，其中以contraction hierarchies 和 highway hierarchies较出名，加之微软研究院提出的Customizable Route Planning，与传统的A-star，基本上支撑了目前工业界地图产品的路径规划服务。
A-star：https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A*_search_algorthm
CH：http://algo2.iti.kit.edu/schultes/hwy/contract.pdf
HH：http://algo2.iti.kit.edu/documents/routeplanning/esa06HwyHierarchies.pdf
CRP：http://research.microsoft.com/pubs/145688/crp-sea.pdf